エビデンスに基づく　院内感染対策のための現在の常識

出版社： 永井書店
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発行日： 2007-09-20
分野： 臨床医学：内科  >  感染症/AIDS
ISBN： 9784815917944
電子書籍版： 2007-09-20 （第1版第2刷）
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本書は、いわば「病院」を患者とする病院感染対策チーム（ICT）の方々のために、米国疾病管理予防センター（CDC）ガイドラインによる科学的な「病院診断学」と「病院治療学」のポイントを一読して理解できるよう紹介する最新の実践・情報書である。多忙なICTのために、現在までに公開されたCDCのガイドラインから特に重要なポイントを抜粋、CDCの感染症対策のエッセンスを紹介する。

目次

  • エビデンスに基づく　院内感染対策のための現在の常識

    ―目次―

    ０１．手指衛生
    ０２．環境
    ０３．血管内カテーテル
    ０４．尿道カテーテル
    ０５．結核
    ０６．インフルエンザ
    ０７．MRSA
    ０８．院内感染肺炎
    ０９．血液・体液曝露
    １０．手術部位感染
    １１．透析室
    １２．移植病室(無菌室)
    １３．その他の感染対策

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

01. 手指衛生

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02. 環境

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75) Manangan LP, Anderson RL, Arduino MJ, et al:Sanitary care and maintenance of ice storage chests and ice-making machines in healthcare facilities. Am J Infect Control 26:111-112, 1998.
 

03. 血管内カテーテル

P.34 掲載の参考文献
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04. 尿道カテーテル

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9) Garibaldi RA, Burke JP, Dickman ML, et al:Factors predisposing to bacteriuria during indwelling urethral catheterization. N Engl J Med 291:215-218, 1974.
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13) Kunin CM, McCormack RC:Prevention of catheter-induced urinary tract infections by sterile closed drainage. N Engl J Med 274:1155-1162, 1966.
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14) Garibaldi RA, Burke JP, Dickman ML, et al:Factors predisposing to bacteriuria during indwelling urethral catheterization. N Engl J Med 291:215-218, 1974.
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05. 結核

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73) Rodrigues L, Diwan D, Wheeler J:Protective effect of BCG against tuberculosis meningititis and miliary tuberculosis;ameta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol 22:1154-1158, 1993.
 
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06. インフルエンザ

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14) Feery BJ, Cheyne lM, Hampson AW, et al:Antibody response to one and two doses of influenza virus subunit vaccine. Med J Aust 1:186, 188-189, 1976.
 
15) Howells CHL Evans AD, Vesselinova-Jenkins C:Effect of two doses of influenza vaccine in stimulating antibody in volunteers. Lancet 1:1436-1438, 1973.
 
16) Gubareva LV, Robinson MJ, Bethell RC, et al:Catalytic and framework mutations in the neuraminidase active site of influenza viruses that are resistant to 4-guanidino-Neu 5Ac 2en. J Virol 71:3385-3390, 1997.
 
17) Colacino JM, LaverWG, AirGM:Selection of influenza A and B viruses for resistance to 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en in cell culture. J Infect Dis 176 (Suppl 1):S 66-S 68, 1997.
 
18) Gubareva LV, Bethell R, Hart GJ, et al:Characterization of mutants of influenza A virus selected with the neuraminidase inhibitor 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en. J Virol 70:1818-1827, 1996.
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19) Blick TJ, Tiong T, Sahasrabudhe A, et al:Generation and characterization of an influenza virus neuraminidase variant with decreased sensitivity to the neuramini-dase-specific inhibitor 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en. Virology 214:475-484, 1995.
 
20) McKimm-Breschkin JL, Blick TJ, Sahasrabudhe A, et al:Generation and characterization of variants of NWS/G70C influenza virus after in vitro passage in 4-amino-Neu 5Ac 2en and 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40:40-46, 1996.
 
21) Staschke KA, Colacino JM, Baxter AJ, et al:Molecular basis for the resistance of influenza viruses to 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en. Virology 214:642-646, 1995.
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22) McKimm-Breschkin JL, Sahasrabudhe A, Blick TJ, et al:Mutations in a conserved residue in the influenza virus neuraminidase active site decreases sensitivity to Neu 5Ac 2en-derived inhibitors. J Virol 72:2456-2462, 1998.
 
23) Tai CY, Escarpe PA, Sidwell RW, et al:Characterization of human influenza virus variants selected in vitro in the presence of the neuramini-dase inhibitor GS 4071. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42:3234-3241, 1998.
 
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26) Roche Laboratories lnc.:TamifluTM (oseltamivir phosphate) capsules[Product information]. Roche Laboratories lnc., Nutley, 2000.
 
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39) CDC:lnfluenza;Clinical Description and Diagnosis (http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/) .
 

07. MRSA

P.75 掲載の参考文献
1) CDC Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/ARESIST/mrsahcw.htm) .
 
2) Strategies for clinical management of MRSA in the community, Summary of an experts meeting convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/ar/CAMRSA_ExpMtgStrategies.pdf) .
 
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5) Deshpande LM, Fix AM, Pfaller MA, et al:Emerging elevated mupirocin resistance rates among staphylococcal isolates in the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2000) ;correlations of results from disk diffusion, Etest and reference dilution methods. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 42:283-290, 2002.
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6) Mody L, Kauffman CA, McNeil SA, et al:Mupirocin-based decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus carriers in residents of 2 long-term care facilities;a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 37:1467-1474, 2003.
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7) Walker ES, Vasquez JE, Dula R, et al:Mupirocin-resistant, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus;does mupirocin remain effective? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 24:342-346, 2003.
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8) CDC:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococci in Companion Animals (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol11no12/05-0241.htm).
 
9) CDC:Human-to-Dog Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol10no12/04-0387.htm) .
 

08. 院内感染肺炎

P.83 掲載の参考文献
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15) Girou E, Schortgen F, Delcaux C, et al:Association of noninvasive ventilation with nosocomial infections and survival in critically ill patients. JAMA 284(18):2361-2367, 2000.
 
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19) Mahul P, Auboyer C, Jospe R, et al:Prevention of nosocomial pneumonia in intubated patients;respective role of mechanical subglottic drainage and stress ulcer prophylaxis. lntensive Care Med 18(1):20-25, 1992.
 
20) Smulders K, van der Hoeven H, Weers-Pothoff l, et al:A randomized clinical trial of intermittent subglottic secretion drainage in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Chest 121:858-862, 2002.
 
21) Valles J, Artigas A, Rello J, et al:Continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions inpreventing ventilator-associated pneumonia. Ann Intern Med 122(3):179-186, 1995.
 
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24) Marrie TJ, MacDonald S, Clarke K, et al:Nosocomial Legionnaires:disease;lessons from a four year prospective study. Am J Infect Control 19(2):79-85, 1991.
 
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26) Fiore AE, Butler JC, Emori TG, et al:Asurvey of methods used to detect nosocomial legionellosis among participants in the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 20(6):412-416, 1999.
 
27) Kugler JW, Armitage JO, Helms CM, et al:Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease;Occurrence in recipients of bone marrow transplants. Am J Med 74(2):281-288, 1983.
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30) Hsu SC, Martin R, Wentworth BB:lsolation of Legionella species from drinking water. Appl Environ Microbiol 48(4):830-832, 1984.
 
31) Tison DL, Seidler RJ:Legionella incidence and density in potable drinking water supplies. App Environ Microbiol 45(1):337-339, 1983.
 
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33) Stout JE, Yu VL, Best MG:Ecology of Legionella pneumophila within water distribution systems. Appl Environ Microbiol 49(1):221-228, 1985.
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35) Schulze-Robbecke R, Rodder M, Exner M:Multiplication and killling temperatures of naturally occurring legionellae. Zbl Bakt Hyg B 184 (6):495-500, 1987.
 
36) Habicht W, Muller HE:Occurrence and parameters of frequency of Legionella in warm water systems of hospitals and hotels in Lower Saxony. Zbl Bakt Hyg B 186(1):79-88, 1988.
 
37) Ciesielski CA, Blaser MJ, Wang WL:Role of stagnation and obstruction of water flow in isolation of Legionella pneumophila from hospital plumbing. Appl Environ Microbiol 48(5):984-987, 1984.
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39) Fields BS, Sanden GN, Barbaree JM, et al:lntracellular multiplication of Legionella pneumophila in amoebae isolated from hospital hot water tanks. Curr Microbiol 18:131-137, 1989.
 
40) Le Saux NM, Sekla L, McLeod J, et al:Epidemic of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in renal transplant recipients;acase-control and environmental study. Can Med Assoc J 140(9):1047-1053, 1989.
 
41) Berendt RF, Young HW, Allen RG, et al:Dose-response of guinea pigsex perimentally infected with aerosols of Legionella pneumophila. J Infect Dis 141(2):186-192, 1980.
 
42) Marston BJ, Lipman HB, Breiman RF:Surveillance for Legionnaires' disease;Risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Arch Intern Med 154(21):2417-2422, 1994.
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44) Chow JW, Yu VL:Legionella;a major opportunistic pathogen in transplant recipients. Seminars Respir Infect 13(2):132-139, 1998.
 
45) Kool JL, Fiore AE, Kioski CM, et al:More than 10 years of unrecognized nosocomial transmission of Legionnaires:disease among transplant patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 19(12):898-904, 1998.
 
46) Redd SC, Schuster DM, Quan J, et al:Legionellosis incardiac transplant recipients; Results of a nationwide survey. J Infect Dis 158(3):651-653, 1988.
 
47) Seu P, Winston DJ, Pltkoft KM, et al:Legionnaires' disease in liver transplant recipients. Infect Dis Clin Pract 2:109-113, 1993.
 
48) Knirsch CA, Jakob K, Schoonmaker D, et al:An outbreak of Legionella micdadeipneumonia in transplant patients;evaluation, molecular epidemiology, and control Am J Med 108(4):290-295, 2001.
 
49) Bock BV, Kirby BD, Edelstein PH, et al:Legionnaires' disease in renal transplant recipients. Lancet 1:410-413, 1978.
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50) Hoge CW, Breiman RF:Advances in the epidemiology and control of Legionella infections. Epidemiol Rev 13:329-340, 1991.
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51) Blatt SP, Dolan MJ, Hendrix CW, et al:Legionnaires' disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients;eight cases and review. Clin Infect Dis 18(2):227-232, 1994.
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52) Jimenez ML, Aspa J, Padilla B, et al:Fiberoptic bronchoscopic diagnosis of pulmonary disease in 151 HIV-infected patients with pneumonitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 10(6):491-497, 1991.
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53) Brady MT:Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in a children's hospital. J Pediatr 115(1):46-50, 1989.
 
54) Levy I, Rubin LG:Legionella pneumonia in the neonate;aliterature review. Journal of Perinatology 18(4):287-290, 1998.
 
55) Holmberg RE Jr., Pavia AT, Montgomery D, et al:Nosocomial Legionella pneumonia in the neonate. Pediatrics 92(3):450-453, 1993.
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56) Campins M, Ferrer A, Callis L, et al:Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in a children's hospital. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 19(3):228-234, 2000.
 
57) Craven DE, Goularte TA, Make BJ:Contaminated condensate in mechanical ventilator circuits;A risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia?Am Rev Respir Dis 129(4):625-628, 1984.
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58) Keenan SP, Gregor J, Sibbald WJ, et al:Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the setting of severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;more effective and less expensive. Crit Care Med 28(6):2094-2102, 2000.
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61) Holzapfel L, Chevret S, Madinier G, et al:lnfluence of long-term oro-or nasotrachealintubation on nosocomial maxillary sinusitis and pneumonia;results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Crit Care Med 21(8):1132-1138, 1993.
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63) Halperin SA, Wang EE, Law B, et al:Epidemiological features of pertussis inhospitalized patients in Canada, 1991-1997;report of the Immunization Monitoring Program-Active (IMPACT) . Clin Infect Dis 28(6):1238-1243, 1999.
 
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65) Black S:Epidemiology of pertussis, Pediatr Infect Dis J 16(Suppl 4):S 85-S 89, 1997.
 
66) Brennan M, Strebel P, George H, et al:Evidence for transmission of pertussis in schools, Massachusetts, 1996, epidemiologic data supported by pulse-field gelelectrophoresis studies. J Infect Dis 181(1):210-215, 2000.
 
67) Cherry JD:Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects of pertussis in adults. Clin Infect Dis 28(suppl 2):S 112-S 117, 1999.
 
68) Deville JG, Cherry JD, Christenson PD, et al:Frequency of unrecognized Bordetellapertussis infections in adults. Clin Infect Dis 21(3):639-642, 1995.
 
69) Guris D, Strebel PM, Bardenheier B, et al:Changing epidemiology of pertussis in the United States;increasing reported incidence among adolescents and adults. Clin Infect Dis 28(6):1230-1237, 1999.
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70) Hodder SL, Cherry JD, Mortimer EA Jr., et al:Antibody responses to Bordetella pertussis antigens and clinical correlations in elderly community residents. Clin Infect Dis 31(1):7-14, 2000.
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71) Jackson LA, Cherry JD, San-Pin W, et al:Frequency of serological evidence of Bordetella infections and mixed infections with other respiratory pathogens in university students with cough illnesses. Clin Infect Dis 31(1):3-6, 2000.
 
72) Nennig ME, Shinefield HR, Edwards KM, et al:Prevalence and incidence of adult pertussis in an urban population, JAMA 275(21):1672-1674, 1996.
 
73) Wright SW, Edwards KM, Decker MD, et al:Pertussis infection in adults with persistent cough, JAMA 273(13):1044-1046, 1995.
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74) Yih WK, Lett SM, des Vignes FN, et al:The increasing incidence of pertussis in Massachusetts adolescents and adults, 1989-1998. J Infect Dis 182(5):1409-1416, 2000.
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76) Nelson JD:The changing epidemiology of pertussis in young infants;The role of adults as reservoirs of infection. Am J Dis Child 132(4):371-373, 1978.
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78) Gehanno JF, Pestel-Caron M, Nouvellon M, et al:Nosocomial pertussis in healthcare workers from a pediatric emergency unit in France. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 20(8):549-552, 1999.
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79) Haiduven DJ, Hench CP, Simpkins SM, et al:Standardized management of patients and employees exposed to pertussis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 19(11):861-864, 1998.
 
80) lzurieta HS, Kenyon TA, Strebel PM, et al:Risk factors for pertussis in young infants during an outbreak in Chicago in 1993. Clin Infect Dis 22(3):503-507, 1996.
 
81) Matlow AG, Nelson S, Wray R, et al:Nosocomial acquisition of pertussis diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction. Infect Controi Hosp Epidemiol 18(10):715-71 6, 1997.
 
82) Nouvellon M, Gehanno JF, Pestel-Caron M, et al:Usefulness of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in assessing nosocomial transmission of pertussis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 20(11):758-760, 1999.
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09. 血液・体液曝露

P.100 掲載の参考文献
1) Shaw FE Jr, Guess HA, Roets JM, et al:Effect of anatomic injection site, age and smoking on the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination. Vaccine 7:425-430, 1989.
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2) Weber DJ, Rutala WA, Samsa GP, et al:Obesity as a predictor of poor antibody response to hepatitis B plasma vaccine. JAMA 254:3187-3189, 1985.
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3) CDC:Suboptimal response to hepatitis B vaccine given by injection into the buttock. MMWR 34:105-108, 113, 1985.
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4) Ukena T, Esber H, Bessette R, et al:Site of injection and response to hepatitis B vaccine. N Engl J Med 313:579-580, 1985.
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5) CDC:Immunization of health-care workers;recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) . MMWR 46(No. RR-18):1-42, 1997.
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6) Hadler SC, Francis DP, Maynard JE, et al:Long-term immunogenicity and efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in homosexual men. N Engl J Med 315:209-214, 1986.
 
7) CDC:Hepatitis B virus;a comprehensive strategy for eliminating transmission in the United States through universal childhood vaccination;recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00033405.htm) .
 
8) CDC:Recommendations for preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus to patients during exposure-prone invasive procedures (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00014845.htmprocedures.
 
9) CDC:Public Health Service inter-agency guidelines for screening donors of blood, plasma, organs, tissues, and semen for evidence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C. MMWR 40(No. RR-4):1-17, 1991.
 
10) CDC:Acomprehensive immunization strategy to eliminate transmission of hepatitis B virus infection inthe United Stats (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5516.pdf) .
 
11) Hadler SC, Margolis HS:Hepatitis B immunization;vaccine types, efficacy, and indications for immunization. Curr Clin Top Infect Dis 12:282-308, 1992,
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12) Wainwright RB, Bulkow LR, Parkinson AJ, et al:Protection provided by hepatitis B vaccine in a Yupik Eskimo population;results of a 10-year study. J Infect Dis 175:674-677, 1997.
 
13) Wainwright RB, et al:Protection provided by hepatitis B vaccine in a Yupik Eskimo population;results of a 10-year study. J Infect Dis 175:674-677, 1997.
 
14) Szmuness W, et al:Hepatitis B vaccine;demonstration of efficacy in a controlled clinical trial in a high-risk population in the United States. N Engl J Med 303:833-841, 1980.
 
15) Hadler SC, et al:Long-term immunogenicity and efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in homosexual men. N Engl J Med 315:209-214, 1986.
 
16) CDC:Acomprehensive immunization strategy to eliminate transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5516.pdf) .
 
17) Stevens CE, et al:Hepatitis B vaccine in patients receiving hemodialysis;immunogenicity and efficacy. N Engl J Med 311:496-501, 1984.
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18) CDC:Recommendations for preventing transmission of infections among chroni chemodialysis patients, 2001 (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5005.pdf) .
 
19) Krawczynski K, Alter MJ, Tankersley DL, et al:Effect of immune globulin on the prevention of experimental hepatitis C virus infection. J Infect Dis 173:822-828, 1996.
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20) Alter MJ:Occupational exposure to hepatitis C virus;adilemma. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 15:742-744, 1994.
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21) Centers for Disease Control:Recommendations for follow-up of health-careworkers after occupational exposure to hepati-tis C virus. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 46:603-606, 1997.
 
22) Spira AI, Marx PA, Patterson BK, et al:Cellular targets of infection and route of viraldissemination after an intravaginal inoculation of simian immunodeficiency virus intorhesus macaques. J Exp Med 183:215-225, 1996.
 
23) Bottiger D, Johansson N-G, Samuelsson B, et al I Prevention of simian immunodeficiency virus, SIVsm, or HIV-2 infection in cynomolgus monkeys by pre-andpostexposure administration of BEA-005. AIDS 11:157-162, 1997.
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24) Martin LN, Murphey-Corb M, Soike KF, et al:Effects of initiation of 3'-azido, 3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine) treatment at different times after infection of rhesusmonkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus. J Infect Dis 168:825-835, 1993.
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25) Shih C-C, Kaneshima H, Rabin L, et al:Postexposure prophylaxis with zidovudine suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in SCID-hu mice in atime-dependent manner. J Infect Dis 163:625-627, 1991.
 
26) Tsai C-C, Follis KE, Sabo A, et al:Prevention of SIV infection in macaques by (R)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl) adenine. Science 270:1197-1199, 1995.
 
27) Ridzon R, Gallagher K, Ciesielski C, et al:Simultaneous transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus from a needle-stick injury. N Engl J Med 336:919-922, 1997.
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28) Ciesielski CA, Metler RP:Duration of time between exposure and seroconversion in healthcare workers with occupationally acquired infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Med 102 (suppl 5B):115-116, 1997.
 

10. 手術部位感染

P.108 掲載の参考文献
1) Ayliffe GA:Role of the environment of the operating suite in surgical wound infection. Rev Infect Dis 13 (Suppl 10);S 800-S 804, 1991
 
2) Berkelman RL, Martin D, Graham DR, et al:Streptococcal wound infection caused by a vaginal carrier. JAMA 247. 2680-2682, 1982.
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11. 透析室

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12. 移植病室(無菌室)

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13. その他の感染対策

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