リウマチ診療の要点と盲点

[I] リウマチ手術に必要なサージカルアプローチ

P.7 掲載の参考文献

1) Walch G et al : エクリス人工肩関節, 株式会社東機貿手術手技書, 2001

 

2) 井上 一ほか : JACEセメンテッドタイプ手術手技, 日本メディカルマテリアル株式会社手術手技書, 2005

 

3) 石川肇 : 手関節形成術・固定術. 図説・関節リウマチの手術, 松井宣夫ほか編, メジカルビュー社, 東京, 70-87, 2002

 

4) 南川義隆 : 人工指関節置換術. 図説・関節リウマチの手術, 松井宣夫ほか編, メジカルビュー社, 東京, 99-111, 2002

 

P.16 掲載の参考文献

1) Hardinge K : The direct lateral approach to the hip. J Bone Joint Surg 64B : 17-19, 1982

 

2) Moore AT : The self-locking metal hip prosthesis. J Bone Joint Surg 39A : 811-827, 1957

 

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4) Engh GA et al : Midvastus muscle-splitting approach for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 12 : 322-331, 1997

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[II] 効率的なリウマチ性疾患診断の手順

P.20 掲載の参考文献

1) 社団法人日本リウマチ友の会 : 2005年リウマチ白書, リウマチ患者の実態 (資料編), 障害者団体定期刊行物協会, 東京, 11-13, 2005

 

2) 近藤正一 : 関節リウマチの早期診断と早期治療. 九州リウマチ 23 : 129-133, 2004

 

3) 川上純ほか : 関節リウマチに進展する診断未確定関節炎の特徴. 九州リウマチ 29 : 69-73, 2009

 

P.23 掲載の参考文献

1) Arnett FC et al : The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 31 : 315-324, 1988

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2) 一般社団法人日本リウマチ学会ホームページ http://www.ryumachi-jp.com/info/news091030.html

 

3) Saag KG et al : American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59 : 762-784, 2008

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4) van der Kooij SM et al : Drug-free remission, functioning and radiographic damage after 4 years of response-driven treatment in patients with recentonset rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 68 : 914-921, 2009

 

5) Nawata M et al : Discontinuation of infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients in clinical remission. Mod Rheumatol 18 : 460-464, 2008

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P.27 掲載の参考文献

1) Takasaki Y et al : Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in patients with mixed connective tissue disease. Modern Rheumatol 14 : 367-375, 2004

 

2) 高崎芳成 : 膠原病と自己抗体. 臨床リウマチ 21 : 5-12, 2009

 

3) 高崎芳成 : 血管炎とは. Vascular Lab 5 : 10-13, 2008

 

P.32 掲載の参考文献

1) van der Heijde DM et al : Judging disease activity in clinical practice in rheumatoid arthritis : first step in the development of a disease activity score. Ann Rheum Dis 49 : 916-920, 1990

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2) Prevoo ML et al : Modified disease activity scores that include twenty-eight-joint counts. Development and validation in a prospective longitudinal study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 38 : 44-48, 1995

 

3) Inoue E et al : Comparison of Disease Activity Score (DAS) 28- erythrocyte sedimentation rate and DAS28- C-reactive protein threshold values. Ann Rheum Dis 66 : 407-409, 2007

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4) Aletaha D et al : The definition and measurement of disease modification in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 32 : 9-44, 2006

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5) van Riel PL et al : Development and validation of response criteria in rheumatoid arthritis : steps towards an international consensus on prognostic markers. Br J Rheumatol 35 (suppl 2) : 4-7, 1996

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P.35 掲載の参考文献

1) Spitz PW et al : The present and future of comprehensive outcome measures for rheumatic diseases. Clin Rheumatol 6 (suppl 2) : 105-111, 1987

 

2) Kirwan JR : Links between radiological change, disability, and pathology in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 28 : 881-886, 2001

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3) Aletaha D et al : Measuring function in rheumatoid arthritis : Identifying reversible and irreversible components. Arthritis Rheum 54 : 2784-2792, 2006

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4) Matsuda Y et al : Validation of a Japanese version of the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire in 3,763 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 49 : 784-788, 2003

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5) Pincus T et al : Toward a multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) : assessment of advanced activities of daily living and psychological status in the patient-friendly health assessment questionnaire format. Arthritis Rheum 42 : 2220-2230, 1999

 

6) Yamanaka H et al : Improvement of disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis patients from 2000 to 2006 in a large observational cohort study IORRA in Japan. Mod Rheumatol 17 : 283-289, 2007

 

P.40 掲載の参考文献

1) Nagai Y et al : Lymphedema of the extremities develops as the initial manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Dermatol 17 : 175, 2007

 

2) Hasegawa M et al : Arteriographic evaluation of vascular changes of the extremities in patients with systemic sclerosis. Br J Dermatol 155 : 1159-1164, 2006

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3) Sayah AS et al : Rheumatoid arthritis : a review of the cutaneous manifestations. J Am Acad Dermatol 53 : 191-209, 2005

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4) Yamamoto T : Cutaneous manifestations associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 29 : 979-988, 2009

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5) Genta MS et al : Systemic rheumatoid vasculitis : a review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 36 : 88-98, 2006

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P.43 掲載の参考文献

1) Goetz CG : Polyarteritis nodosa. Handbook of clinical Neurology, Vinken PJ et al eds, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 295-311, 1980

 

2) Takayanagi M et al : Myocardial infarction caused by rheumatoid vasculitis : histological evidence of the involvement of T lymphocytes. Rheumatol Int 23 : 315-318, 2003

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3) Chamberlain MA et al : Rheumatoid neuropathy. Ann Rheum Dis 29 : 609-616, 1970

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P.47 掲載の参考文献

1) Ted RM : Synovial Fluid analysis. Arthritis and Allied Conditions, Koopmann WJ et al eds, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 81-96, 2004

 

2) Sato M et al : Clinical significance of anti-CCP antibodies in the knee joint fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical Rheumatol 18 : 158-162, 2006

 

3) Shinmei M et al : Quantitation of chondroitin 4-surfate and chondroitin 6-surfate in pathologic joint fluid. Arthritis Rheum 35 : 1304-1308, 1992

 

4) Neidhart M et al : Small fragments of cartilage oligomeric protein in synovial fluid and serum as markers for cartilage degradation. Br J Rheumatol 36 : 1151-1160, 1997

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5) Yoshihara Y et al : Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 59 : 455-461, 2000

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6) Nagaya H et al : Examination of synovial fluid and serum hyaluronidase activity as a joint marker in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients (by zymography). Ann Rheum Dis 58 : 186-188, 1999

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P.52 掲載の参考文献

1) Sawada T et al : Leflunomide-induced interstitial lung disease : Prevalence and risk factors in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 48 : 1265-1268, 2009

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2) Inokuma S et al : Methotrexate-induced lung injury in patients with rheumatoid arthritis occurs with peripheral blood lymphocyte count decrease. Ann Rheum Dis 65 : 1113-1114, 2006

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P.55 掲載の参考文献

1) Mori S et al : Mod Rheumatol 17 : 369-375, 2007

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2) Richard F et al : Age and Ageing 32 : 370-374, 2003

 

3) Bird HA et al : Ann Rheum Dis 38 : 434-439, 1979

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4) Jones JB et al : Ann Rheum Dis 40 : 1-5, 1981

 

P.57 掲載の参考文献

1) McCarty DJ et al : JAMA 254 : 2763-2767, 1985

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2) Russell EB et al : J Rheumatol 17 : 633-639, 1990

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3) Oide T et al : Clin Exp Rheumatol 22 : 91-98, 2004

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4) Cantini F et al : Ann Rheum Dis 58 : 230-236, 1999

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5) Schaeverbeke T et al : Ann Rheum Dis 54 : 681-684, 1995

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P.60 掲載の参考文献

1) 島岡康則ほか : 高齢発症慢性関節リウマチの自然経過-成人発症例との比較-. 中部リウマチ 25 : 1-9, 1994

 

P.63 掲載の参考文献

1) Yamaguchi M et al : Preliminary criteria for classification of adult Still's disease. J Rheumatol 19 : 424-430, 1992

 

2) 太田明英ほか : 成人Still病の治療と経過-全国調査集計より-, 厚生省特定疾患自己免疫疾患調査研究班平成7年度研究報告書, 163-165, 1996

 

3) 塩沢和子 : 成人Still病. リウマチ病セミナー IX, 七川歡次監修, 永井書店, 大阪, 3-15, 1998

 

P.67 掲載の参考文献

1) 村田紀和 : リウマチ科 38 : 446-452, 2007

 

2) 浦野房三 : 腸炎性関節炎. 症例から学ぶ脊椎関節炎, 新興医学, 東京, 53-56, 2008

 

3) Garett S et al : J Rheumatol 21 : 2286-2291, 1994

 

4) Sieper J et al : Ann Rheum Dis 68 (suppl II) : ii1-ii44, 2009

 

5) Khan MA : 強直性脊椎炎とともに生きるヒント. 強直性脊椎炎-患者, 介護者, 医療従事者のための専門的アドバイス, 田島彰子訳, 浦野房三監修, 新興医学, 東京, 59-67, 2008

 

P.70 掲載の参考文献

1) Petty RE et al : International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis : second revision, Edmonton, 2001. J Rheumatol 31 : 390-392, 2004

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2) 武井修治 : 小慢データを利用した若年性特発性関節炎JIAの二次調査. 厚生労働科学研究費補助金分担研究報告書, 平成19年度総括・分担研究報告書, 102-113, 2008

 

3) Kimura Y : Common presenting problems. Arthritis in children and adolescents. Oxford University Press, New York, 24-48, 2006

 

P.72 掲載の参考文献

1) Hochberg MC et al : Rheumatoid Arthritis, Mosby, Philadelphia, 2008

 

2) Redlich K et al : Osteoclasts are essential for TNF-alpha-mediated joint destruction. J Clin Invest 110 : 1419-1427, 2002

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3) Theill LE et al : RANK-L and RANK : T cells, bone loss, and mammalian evolution. Annu Rev Immunol 20 : 795-823, 2002

 

4) Tanaka S et al : Role of RANKL in physiological and pathological bone resorption and therapeutics targeting the RANKL-RANK signaling system. Immunol Rev 208 : 30-49, 2005

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5) Sato K et al : Th17 functions as an osteoclastogenic helper T cell subset that links T cell activation and bone destruction. J Exp Med 203 : 2673-2682, 2006

 

6) Jarrett SJ et al : Preliminary evidence for a structural benefit of the new bisphosphonate zoledronic acid in early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 54 : 1410-1414, 2006

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7) Cohen SB et al : Denosumab treatment effects on structural damage, bone mineral density, and bone turnover in rheumatoid arthritis : a twelve-month, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum 58 : 1299-1309, 2008

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[III] 関節リウマチの診断評価と治療法決定のABC

P.80 掲載の参考文献

1) van der Heijde DMFM : Plain X-rays in rheumatoid arthritis : overview of scoring methods, their reliability and applicability. Bailliere's Clinical Rheumatology 10 : 435-451, 1996

 

2) van der Heijde D : How to read radiographs according to the Sharp/van der Heijde method. J Rheumatol 27 : 261-263, 2000

 

3) Larsen A : How to apply Larsen score in evaluating radiographs of rheumatoid arthritis in long-term studies. J Rheumatol 22 : 1974-1975, 1995

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4) Genant HK et al : Assessment of rheumatoid arthritis using a modified scoring method on digitized and original radiographs. : Arthritis Rheum 41 : 1583-1590, 1998

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P.85 掲載の参考文献

1) Rau R et al : Identification of radiologic healing phenomena in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 28 : 2608, 2001

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2) Steinbrocker O et al : Therapeutic criteria in rheumatoid arthritis. J Amer Med Ass 140 : 659-662, 1949

 

3) Larsen A et al : Radiographic evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis and related conditions by standard reference films. Acta Radiol Diagn 18 : 481-491, 1977

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4) van der Heijde D : Plain X-rays in rheumatoid arthritis : overview of scoring methods, their reliability and applicability. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol 10 : 435-453, 1996

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5) Rosenberg TD et al : The forty-five degree posteroanterior flexion weight-bearing radiograph of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg 70-A : 1479-1483, 1988

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P.89 掲載の参考文献

1) 中原龍一ほか : RA診断・治療におけるMRIの有用性. Monthly Book Orthopaedics 22 : 31-38, 2009

 

2) Mori G et al : Maximum intensity projection as a tool to diagnose early rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 18 : 247-251, 2008

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3) McQueen FM : The use of MRI in early RA. Rheumatology (Oxford) 47 : 1597-1599, 2008

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4) McQueen FM et al : Magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist in early rheumatoid arthritis reveals a high prevalence of erosions at four months after symptom onset. Ann Rheum Dis 57 : 350-356, 1998

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5) Ostendorf B et al : Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging of the forefeet in early rheumatoid arthritis when findings on imaging of the metacarpophalangeal joints of the hands remain normal. Arthritis Rheum 50 : 2094-2102, 2004

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P.91 掲載の参考文献

1) Jimenez-Boj E et al : Bone erosions and bone marrow edema as defined by magnetic resonance imaging reflect true bone marrow inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 56 : 1118-1124, 2007

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2) 巨瀬勝美 : コンパクトMRI, 巨瀬勝美編, 共立出版, 東京, 1-9, 2004

 

3) Yoshioka H et al : Low-field compact magnetic resonance imaging system for the hand and wrist in rheumatoid arthritis. J Magn Reson Imaging 23 : 370-376, 2006

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4) Suzuki T et al : Evaluation of anti-TNF biologics on rheumatoid arthritis using the new low-field extremity MRI and proposal compact MRI score. Mod Rheumatol 19 : 358-365, 2009

 

P.94 掲載の参考文献

1) Szkudlarek M et al : et al : Power Doppler ultrasonography for assessment of synovitis in the metacarpophalangeal joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis : a comparison with dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. Arthritis Rheum 44 : 2018-2023, 2001

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2) Brown AK et al : Presence of significant synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis patients with disease-modifying antirheumatic drug-induced clinical remission. Arthritis Rheum 54 : 3761-3773, 2006

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3) Naredo E et al : Validity, reproducibility, and responsiveness of a twelve-joint simplified power Doppler ultrasonographic assessment of joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59 : 515-522, 2008

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4) Fukae J et al : Screening for rheumatoid arthritis with finger joint power Doppler ultrasonography : quantification of conventional power Doppler ultrasonographic scoring. Mod Rheumatol. Published online 18 June, 2009

 

5) 近祐次郎ほか : 超音波によるRAの関節炎の評価. Frontiers in Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology 3 : 144-149, 2009

Medical*Online

P.98 掲載の参考文献

1) Saag KG et al : American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendation for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59 : 762-784, 2008

 

2) 舟橋恵子ほか : 遺伝子多型情報による生物学的製剤の事前効果判定は関節リウマチ患者にminimal cost, maximal outcomeの治療を提供し, 医療経済効果を飛躍的にたかめる. 医学と薬学 61 : 337-343, 2009

 

3) Tanino M et al : Prediction of efficacy of anti-biologic agent, infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis patients using a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of white blood cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 387 : 261-265, 2009

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4) 児矢野聡ほか : 全ゲノム網羅的SNP解析によるインフリキシマブあるいはエタネルセプト治療関節リウマチ患者の有効性, 副作用発現を予測するSNPアルゴリズムの開発. 臨床リウマチ 21 : 399-405, 2009

 

P.101 掲載の参考文献

1) Goldhaber SZ : Acute pulmonary embolism : Clinical outcomes in the International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry (ICOPER). Lancet 353 : 1386-1389, 1999

 

2) Morrow D et al : Chronic ischemic heart disease. Braunwald's Heart Disease, Zipes D et al eds, 7th ed, Saunders, Philadelphia, 2005

 

3) Lane L : Approaches to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in the high-risk patient. Gastroenterology 120 : 594, 2001

 

4) Levey AS et al : National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease : Evaluation, Classification and Stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 39 (suppl) : S1, 2002

 

5) Freemer M et al : Connective tissue disease. Interstitial Lung Diseases, Schwarz MI et al eds, 4th ed, BC Decker, Hamilton Ontario, 2003

 

6) Barry SM et al : Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia : A review of current issues in diagnosis and management. HIV Medicine 2 : 123-132, 2001

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P.107 掲載の参考文献

1) Flury PM et al : Rheumatoid arthritis of the wrist. Classification related to the natural course. Clin Orthop 366 : 72-77, 1999

 

2) Toyohara I et al : Disease activity and the course of wrist joint deterioration over 10 years in the patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 19 : 47-52, 2009

 

3) Murakoshi K et al : Prediction of wrist prognosis in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis according to radiographic classification. J Hand Surg Am 34 : 824-831, 2009

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1) Woolson ST et al : Orthopedics 8 : 1269-1273, 1985

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P.113 掲載の参考文献

1) Dunn TC et al : T2 relaxation time of cartilage at MR imaging : comparison with severity of knee osteoarthritis. Radiology 232 : 592-598, 2004

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2) Mosher TJ et al : Cartilage MRI T2 relaxation time mapping : overview and applications. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 8 : 355-368, 2004

 

[IV] 薬物療法

P.119 掲載の参考文献

1) Saag KG et al : American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59 : 762-784, 2008

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2) Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis : 2002 Update. Arthritis Rheum 46 : 328-346, 2002

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3) Momohara S et al : Decrease in orthopaedic surgeries including total joint replacements in rheumatoid arthritis patients between 2001 and 2007 : data from Japanese outpatients in a single institute-based large observational cohort (IORRA). Ann Rheum Dis 69 : 312-313, 2010

 

4) Suzuki Y : Methotrexate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Japan-much more still remains to be resolved. Nippon Rinsho 60 : 2331-2338, 2002

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P.122 掲載の参考文献

1) American College of Rheumatology Subcommittee on Rheumatoid Arthritis Guidelines. Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis : 2002 Update. Arthritis Rheum 46 : 328-346, 2002

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2) Salliot C et al : Long-term safety of methotrexate monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis : a systematic literature research. Ann Rheum Dis 68 : 1100-1104, 2009

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3) Tsujimura S et al : Overcoming drug resistance induced by P-glycoprotein on lymphocytes in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 67 : 380-388, 2008

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4) Miwa Y et al : Tacrolimus-induced lung injury in a rheumatoid arthritis patient with interstitial pneumonitis. Mod Rheumatol 18 : 208-211, 2008

 

P.125 掲載の参考文献

1) Saag AG et al : American College of Rheumatology 2008. Recommendations for the Use of Nonbiologic and Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59 : 762-784, 2008

 

2) Bathon JM et al : The 2008 ACR recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic DMARDs in RA : Where the rubber meets the road. Arthritis Rheum 59 : 757-759, 2008

 

3) http://www.das-score.nl/

 

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1) American College of Rheumatology Subcommittee on Rheumatoid arthritis guidelines : Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. 2002 update. Arthritis Rheum 46 : 328-346, 2002

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2) Lipsky PE : Rheumatoid arthritis. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th ed, Fauci AS et al eds, McGraw-Hill, Columbus, 2083-2092, 2008

 

3) Saag KG et al : American College of Rheumatology. American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59 : 762-784, 2008

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4) Miyasaka N et al : Official Japanese guidelines for the use of infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 15 : 4-8, 2005

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5) Tanaka Y et al : Retrospective clinical study on the notable efficacy and related factors of infliximab therapy in a rheumatoid arthritis management group in Japan : One-year clinical outcomes (RECONFIRM-2). Mod Rheumatol 18 : 146-152, 2008

 

P.136 掲載の参考文献

1) Takeuchi T et al : Postmarketing surveillance of the safety profile of infliximab in 5000 Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 67 : 189-194, 2008

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2) Koike T et al : Postmarketing surveillance of the safety and effectiveness of etanercept in Japan. J Rheumatol 36 : 898-906, 2009

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3) Komano Y et al : Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab : a retrospective review and case-control study of 21 patients. Arthritis Rheum 61 : 305-312, 2009

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4) Nathan DM et al : Hepatitis B and C virus infections and anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy : guidelines for clinical approach. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 21 : 1366-1371, 2006

 

5) Kubota T et al : Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy does not diminish the immune response to influenza vaccine in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 17 : 531-533, 2007

 

6) Carmona L et al : Effectiveness of recommendations to prevent reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists. Arthritis Rheum 52 : 1766-1772, 2005

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1) Landewe R et al : Arthritis Rheum 50 : 699-706, 2004

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1) Kanis JA et al : Assessment of fracture risk. Osteoporos Int 16 : 581-589, 2005

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[V] リウマチ患者の周術期管理

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[VI] リウマチ上肢・脊椎の再建手術

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[VII] リウマチ下肢の再建手術

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4) 田中千晶 : 十字プレートを用いた再建の適応と手技の実際. MB Orthopaedics 22 : 9-15, 2009

 

P.280 掲載の参考文献

1) Wulker N : Triple arthrodesis. An Atlas of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Martin Dunitz Ltd, London, 261-270, 1998

 

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