心房細動患者を「脳梗塞」から守るのは誰か?

出版社： メディカ出版
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発行日： 2017-08-15
分野： 臨床医学：内科  >  循環器一般
ISBN： 9784840461849
電子書籍版： 2017-08-15 （電子書籍版）
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心房細動の脳梗塞予防では抗凝固療法が語られることが多いが、それだけでは完全ではない。循環器内科医の治療法に加え、疫学、脳神経外科医の視点、経食道エコーによる血栓の評価、カテーテル治療など、多くの視点を得ることで、治療と予防の考え方が変わる。

目次

  • 心房細動患者を「脳梗塞」から守るのは誰か？

    ―目次―

    第1章 今でも不良な心原性脳塞栓症の予後

    第2章 心房細動の疫学と管理の実態
    ◆Column(1)心房細動は認知症のリスク：Stroke and Beyond !

    第3章 心房細動を超音波で斬る
    ◆Column(2)左心耳に血栓を見つけてしまったら，
    　　　　　　どうすればいいのか？

    第4章 心房細動患者のリスクを予測する

    第5章 心房細動は隠れている：ESUSと無症候性心房細動
    ◆Column(3)「検脈指導」の重要性
    ◆Column(4)IoTを用いた不整脈検出

    第6章 心原性脳塞栓症を抗凝固薬で予防する
    ◆Column(5)ヘパリンブリッジは有効か・有害か？
    ◆Column(6)抗凝固薬服用下での出血への対応：中和薬の時代ヘ

    第7章 心原性脳塞栓症をRFM（リスク因子管理）で予防する

    第8章 心房細動をカテーテルで治す：カテーテルアブレーション

    第9章 心房細動に対するもう一つのカテーテル治療：
    　　　　　左心耳閉鎖術 −WATCHMAN(TM)を中心に−

    第10章 孤立性心房細動に対する新たな治療戦略：
    　　　　　完全内視鏡下心臓外科手術（WOLF-OHTSUKA法）

    第11章 脳梗塞に対する急性期再灌流療法

    第12章 神経内科医が考える心原性脳塞栓症予防・治療の課題
    ◆Column(7)冠動脈疾患合併心房細動：
    　　　　　　抗凝固療法と抗血小板薬併用は最小限に！

    第13章 鼎談　心房細動患者を「脳梗塞」から守る実臨床のいま

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本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

第1章 今でも不良な心原性脳塞栓症の予後

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第2章 心房細動の疫学と管理の実態

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第3章 心房細動を超音波で斬る

P.58 掲載の参考文献
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第4章 心房細動患者のリスクを予測する

P.78 掲載の参考文献
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第5章 心房細動は隠れている : ESUSと無症候性心房細動

P.90 掲載の参考文献
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3) Katsanos AH, et al. The value of transesophageal echocardiography for embolic strokes of undetermined source. Neurology. 87, 2016, 988-95.
PubMed
4) Li L, et al. Incidence, outcome, risk factors, and long-term prognosis of cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke : a population-based study. Lancet Neurol. 14, 2015, 903-13.
PubMed
5) Ntaios G, et al. Embolic strokes of undetermined source in the Athens stroke registry : a descriptive analysis. Stroke. 46, 2015, 176-81.
PubMed
6) Perera KS, et al. Embolic strokes of undetermined source : Prevalence and patient features in the ESUS Global Registry. Int J Stroke. 11, 2016, 526-33.
PubMed
7) Ntaios G, et al. Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source in the Athens Stroke Registry : An Outcome Analysis. Stroke. 46, 2015, 2087-93.
PubMed
8) Toyoda K, et al. Trends in oral anticoagulant choice for acute stroke patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in Japan : The SAMURAI-NVAF Study. Int J Stroke. 10, 2015, 836-42.
PubMed
9) Jabaudon D, et al. Usefulness of ambulatory 7-day ECG monitoring for the detection of atrial fibrillation and flutter after acute stroke and transient ischemic attack. Stroke. 35, 2004, 1647-51.
PubMed
10) Ziegler PD, et al. Incidence of newly detected atrial arrhythmias via implantable devices in patients with a history of thromboembolic events. Stroke. 41, 2010, 256-60.
PubMed
11) Gladstone DJ, et al. Atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 370, 2014, 2467-77.
PubMed
12) Sanna T, et al. Cryptogenic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 370, 2014, 2478-86.
PubMed
13) Sposato LA, et al. Diagnosis of atrial fibrillation after stroke and transient ischaemic attack : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 14, 2015, 377-87.
PubMed
14) Sacco RL, et al. Comparison of warfarin versus aspirin for the prevention of recurrent stroke or death : subgroup analyses from the Warfarin-Aspirin Recurrent Stroke Study. Cerebrovasc Dis. 22, 2006, 4-12.
PubMed
15) Hart RG, et al. Meta-analysis : Antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 146, 2007, 857-67.
PubMed
16) Diener HC, et al. Design of Randomized, double-blind, Evaluation in secondary Stroke Prevention comparing the EfficaCy and safety of the oral Thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate vs. acetylsalicylic acid in patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RESPECT ESUS). Int J Stroke. 10, 2015, 1309-12.
 
P.95 掲載の参考文献
1) Gage BF, et al. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke : results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA. 285, 2001, 2864-70.
 
2) 心房細動週間ウェブサイト http://www.shinbousaidou-week.org (2017年6月閲覧)
 
P.99 掲載の参考文献
1) アップル社「ResearchKit とCareKit」 (https://www.apple.com/jp/researchkit/)
 
2) オムロン社「OMRON connect」 (https://www.omronconnect.com/jp/ja_def/)
 
3) The Diary社 (https://thediary.com/japan/)
 

第6章 心原性脳塞栓症を抗凝固薬で予防する

P.112 掲載の参考文献
1) Petersen P, et al. Placebo-controlled, randomised trial of warfarin and aspirin for prevention of thromboembolic complications in chronic atrial fibrillation. The Copenhagen AFASAK study. Lancet. 1 (8631), 1989, 175-9.
 
2) Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Study. Final results. Circulation. 84, 1991, 527-39.
PubMed
3) Connolly SJ, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 361, 2009, 1139-51.
PubMed
4) Patel MR, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 365, 2011, 883-91.
PubMed
5) Granger CB, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 365, 2011, 981-92.
PubMed
6) Giugliano RP, et al. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 369, 2013, 2093-104.
PubMed
7) Ruff CT, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation : a meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. 383, 2014, 955-62.
PubMed
8) Jaspers Focks J, et al. Polypharmacy and effects of apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation : post hoc analysis of the ARISTOTLE trial. BMJ. 353, 2016, i2868.
PubMed
9) Piccini JP, et al. Polypharmacy and the Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin in the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation. 133, 2016, 352-60.
PubMed
10) Douketis JD, et al. Perioperative Bridging Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 373, 2015, 823-33.
PubMed
11) Morgan CL, et al. Warfarin treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation : observing outcomes associated with varying levels of INR control. Thromb Res. 124, 2009, 37-41.
PubMed
12) Akao M, et al. Inappropriate use of oral anticoagulants for patients with atrial fibrillation. Circ J. 78, 2014, 2166-72.
PubMed
P.117 掲載の参考文献
1) Wahl MJ. Dental surgery in anticoagulated patients. Arch Intern Med. 158, 1998, 1610-6. Review.
PubMed
2) 循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン (2012年度合同研究班報告). 心房細動治療 (薬物) ガイドライン (2013年改訂版). http://www.j-circ.or.jp/guideline/pdf/JCS2013_inoue_h.pdf (2017年5月閲覧).
 
3) 日本有病者歯科医療学会ほか. 科学的根拠に基づく抗血栓療法患者の抜歯に関するガイドライン, 2015年版. 東京, 学術社, 2015.
 
4) 藤本一眞ほか. 抗血栓薬服用患者に対する消化器内視鏡診療ガイドライン. Gastroenterol Endosc. 54, 2012, 2074-102.
 
5) Douketis JD, et al.BRIDGE Investigators. Perioperative Bridging Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 373, 2015, 823-33.
PubMed
6) Healey JS, et al. RE-LY Investigators. Periprocedural bleeding and thromboembolic events with dabigatran compared with warfarin : results from the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) randomized trial. Circulation. 126, 2012, 343-8.
PubMed
7) Beyer-Westendorf J, et al. Peri-interventional management of novel oral anticoagulants in daily care : results from the prospective Dresden NOAC registry. Eur Heart J. 35, 2014, 1888-96.
PubMed
8) Heidbuchel H, et al. Updated European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Europace. 17, 2015, 1467-507.
 
P.122 掲載の参考文献
1) Charles V. et al. Idarucizumab for Dabigatran Reversal. N Engl J Med. 373, 2015, 511-20.
 
2) Stuart J, et al. Andexanet Alfa for Acute Major Bleeding Associated with Factor Xa Inhibitors. N Engl J Med. 375, 2016, 1131-41.
 

第7章 心原性脳塞栓症をRFM ( リスク因子管理 ) で予防する

P.132 掲載の参考文献
1) Guttmann OP, et al. Atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy : systematic review. Heart. 100, 2014, 465-72.
PubMed
2) Friberg L, et al. Balancing stroke and bleeding risks in patients with atrial fibrillation and renal failure : the Swedish Atrial Fibrillation Cohort study. Eur Heart J. 36, 2015, 297-306.
PubMed
3) Wang JG, et al. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure lowering as determinants of cardiovascular outcome. Hypertension. 45, 2005, 907-13.
PubMed
4) Thomopoulos C, et al. Effects of blood pressure lowering on outcome incidence in hypertension : 7. Effects of more vs. less intensive blood pressure lowering and different achieved blood pressure levels - updated overview and meta-analyses of randomized trials. J Hypertens. 34, 2016, 613-22.
 
5) Pisters R, et al. Stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation. Circ J. 76, 2012, 2289-304.
PubMed
6) Lip GY, et al. Effect of hypertension on anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 28, 2007, 752-9.
PubMed
7) Hart RG, et al. Avoiding central nervous system bleeding during antithrombotic therapy : recent data and ideas. Stroke. 36, 2005, 1588-93.
PubMed
8) EHRA Scientific Committee Task Force, Gorenek B, et al. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR) position paper on how to prevent atrial fibrillation endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS). Europace. 19, 2017, 190-225.
 
9) Huxley RR, et al. Meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies of type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 108, 2011, 56-62.
PubMed
10) Kuusisto J, et al. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes and its metabolic control are important predictors of stroke in elderly subjects. Stroke. 25, 1994, 1157-64.
PubMed
11) Overvad TF, et al. Duration of Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Thromboembolism and Bleeding in Atrial Fibrillation : Nationwide Cohort Study. Stroke. 46, 2015, 2168-74.
PubMed
12) Gage BF, et al. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke : results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA. 285, 2001, 2864-70.
 
13) Lee SH, et al. Tissue Doppler index, E/E', and ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. J Neurol Sci. 271, 2008, 148-52.
 
14) Frost L, et al. Body fat, body fat distribution, lean body mass and atrial fibrillation and flutter. A Danish cohort study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 22, 2014, 1546-52.
PubMed
15) Guijian L, et al. Impact of body mass index on atrial fibrillation recurrence : a meta-analysis of observational studies. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 36, 2013, 748-56.
PubMed
16) Zhu W, et al. Relation of Body Mass Index With Adverse Outcomes Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation : A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. J Am Heart Assoc. 5, 2016.
PubMed
17) Inoue H, et al. Impact of Body Mass Index on the Prognosis of Japanese Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 118, 2016, 215-21.
PubMed
18) Chamberlain AM, et al. Smoking and incidence of atrial fibrillation : results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Heart Rhythm. 8, 2011, 1160-6.
PubMed
19) Suzuki S, et al. Association between smoking habits and the first-time appearance of atrial fibrillation in Japanese patients : Evidence from the Shinken Database. J Cardiol. 66, 2015, 73-9.
PubMed
20) Zhu W, et al. Relationship between smoking and adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation : A meta-analysis and systematic review. Int J Cardiol. 222, 2016, 289-94.
PubMed
21) Nakagawa K, et al. Impact of persistent smoking on long-term outcomes in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. J Cardiol. 65, 2015, 429-33.
PubMed
22) Angoulvant D, et al. Effect of Active Smoking on Comparative Efficacy of Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation : The Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project. Chest. 148, 2015, 491-8.
PubMed
23) Yaggi HK, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for stroke and death. N Engl J Med. 353, 2005, 2034-41.
PubMed
24) Lamberts M, et al. Cardiovascular risk in patients with sleep apnoea with or without continuous positive airway pressure therapy : follow-up of 4.5 million Danish adults. J Intern Med. 276, 2014, 659-66.
PubMed
25) Gami AS, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea, obesity, and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 49, 2007, 565-71.
PubMed
26) Cadby G, et al. Severity of OSA is an independent predictor of incident atrial fibrillation hospitalization in a large sleep-clinic cohort. Chest. 148, 2015, 945-52.
 
27) Chang CC, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 181, 2015, 144-6.
PubMed
28) Chimowitz MI, et al. Left atrial spontaneous echo contrast is highly associated with previous stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation or mitral stenosis. Stroke. 24, 1993, 1015-9.
PubMed
29) Mugge A, et al. Assessment of left atrial appendage function by biplane transesophageal echocardiography in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation : identification of a subgroup of patients at increased embolic risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 23, 1994, 599-607.
 
30) Masuda M, et al. Estimation of left atrial blood stasis using diastolic late mitral annular velocity. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 14, 2013, 752-7.
PubMed
31) Ruff CT, et al. Cardiovascular Biomarker Score and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation : A Subanalysis of the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol. 1, 2016, 999-1006.
 

第8章 心房細動をカテーテルで治す : カテーテルアブレーション

P.147 掲載の参考文献
1) Haissaguerre M, et al. Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med. 339, 1998, 659-66.
PubMed
2) Murakawa Y, et al. Nationwide survey of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation : the Japanese Catheter Ablation Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (J-CARAF)--report of 1-year follow-up. Circ J. 8, 2014, 1091-6.
 
3) Verma A, et al. Approaches to catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 372, 2015, 1812-22.
PubMed
4) Calkins H, et al. TEMPORARY REMOVAL : 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE Expert Consensus Statement on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2017 May 12. pii : S1547-5271 (17)30590-8. doi : 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.05.012. [Epub ahead of print]
 
5) 循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン (2012年度合同研究班報告). 心房細動治療 (薬物) ガイドライン (2013年改訂版). http://www.j-circ.or.jp/guideline/pdf/JCS2013_inoue_h.pdf (2017年5月閲覧).
 
6) Gaita F, et al. Incidence of cerebral thromboembolic events during long-term follow-up in patients treated with transcatheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Europace. 16, 2014, 980-6.
PubMed
7) Friberg L, et al. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation is associated with lower incidence of stroke and death : data from Swedish health registries. Eur Heart J. 37, 2016, 2478-87.
PubMed
8) Karasoy D, et al. Oral anticoagulation therapy after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation and the risk of thromboembolism and serious bleeding : long-term follow-up in nationwide cohort of Denmark. Eur Heart J. 36, 2015, 307-14a.
PubMed
9) 日本不整脈心電学会, J-CARAF. 2016年9月施行症例の調査結果概要のご報告 http://new.jhrs.or.jp/pdf/case-registy/j-caraf201704_01.pdf
 

第9章 心房細動に対するもう一つのカテーテル治療 : 左心耳閉鎖術 - WATCHMAN ( TM ) を中心に -

P.168 掲載の参考文献
1) Lamassa M, et al. Characteristics, outcome, and care of stroke associated with atrial fibrillation in Europe : data from a multicenter multinational hospital-based registry (The European Community Stroke Project). Stroke. 32, 2001, 392-8.
PubMed
2) Fang MC, et al. Long-term survival after ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Neurology. 82, 2014, 1033-7.
PubMed
3) Kirchhof P, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS : The Task Force for the management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. Endorsed by the European Stroke Organisation (ESO). Eur Heart J. 37, 2016, 2893-2962.
 
4) Go AS, et al. Warfarin use among ambulatory patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation : the anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) study. Ann Intern Med. 131, 1999, 927-34.
PubMed
5) Cooper NJ, et al. Mixed comparison of stroke prevention treatments in individuals with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med. 166, 2006, 1269-75.
PubMed
6) Ahrens I, et al. What do the RE-LY, AVERROES and ROCKET-AF trials tell us for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation? Thromb Haemost. 105, 2011, 574-8.
PubMed
7) Huisman MV, et al. The Changing Landscape for Stroke Prevention in AF : Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2. J Am Coll Cardiol. 69, 2017, 777-85.
PubMed
8) Connolly SJ, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 361, 2009, 1139-51.
PubMed
9) Patel MR, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 365, 2011, 883-91.
PubMed
10) Bassand JP, et al. Two-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation : results from GARFIELD-AF. Eur Heart J. 37, 2016, 2882-9.
PubMed
11) Yao X, et al. Effect of Adherence to Oral Anticoagulants on Risk of Stroke and Major Bleeding Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc. 5, 2016.
PubMed
12) Barra ME, et al. Evaluation of Dose-Reduced Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy. Am J Med. 129, 2016, 1198-204.
PubMed
13) Stoddard MF, et al. Left atrial appendage thrombus is not uncommon in patients with acute atrial fibrillation and a recent embolic event : a transesophageal echocardiographic study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 25, 1995, 452-9.
 
14) Sievert H, et al. Percutaneous left atrial appendage transcatheter occlusion to prevent stroke in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation : early clinical experience. Circulation. 105, 2002, 1887-9.
PubMed
15) Holmes DR, et al. Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation : a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 374, 2009, 534-42.
PubMed
16) Reddy VY, et al. Safety of percutaneous left atrial appendage closure : results from the Watchman Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients with AF (PROTECTAF) clinical trial and the Continued Access Registry. Circulation. 123, 2011, 417-24.
 
17) Boersma LV, et al. Implant success and safety of left atrial appendage closure with the WATCHMAN device : peri-procedural outcomes from the EWOLUTION registry. Eur Heart J. 37, 2016, 2465-74.
PubMed
18) Reddy VY, et al. Post-FDA Approval, Initial US Clinical Experience with Watchman Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016.
 
19) Reddy VY, et al. Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure vs warfarin for atrial fibrillation : a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 312, 2014, 1988-98.
PubMed
20) Price MJ, et al. Bleeding Outcomes After Left Atrial Appendage Closure Compared With Long-Term Warfarin : A Pooled, Patient-Level Analysis of the WATCHMAN Randomized Trial Experience. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 8, 2015, 1925-32.
PubMed
21) Reddy VY, et al. Left atrial appendage closure with the Watchman device in patients with a contraindication for oral anticoagulation : the ASAP study (ASA Plavix Feasibility Study With Watchman Left Atrial Appendage Closure Technology). J Am Coll Cardiol. 61, 2013, 2551-6.
PubMed
22) Kar S, et al. Impact of Watchman and Amplatzer devices on left atrial appendage adjacent structures and healing response in a canine model. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 7, 2014, 801-9.
 
23) Viles-Gonzalez JF, et al. The clinical impact of incomplete left atrial appendage closure with the Watchman Device in patients with atrial fibrillation : a PROTECT AF (Percutaneous Closure of the Left Atrial Appendage Versus Warfarin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 59, 2012, 923-9.
PubMed
24) Main ML, et al. Assessment of Device-Related Thrombus and Associated Clinical Outcomes With the WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Embolic Protection in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (from the PROTECT-AF Trial). Am J Cardiol. 117, 2016, 1127-34.
PubMed
25) Kaneko H, et al. Predictors of thrombus formation after percutaneous left atrial appendage closure using the WATCHMAN device. Heart Vessels. 2017. doi : 10.1007/s00380-017-0971-x. [Epub ahead of print]
 

第10章 孤立性心房細動に対する新たな治療戦略 : 完全内視鏡下心臓外科手術 ( WOLF - OHTSUKA法 )

P.183 掲載の参考文献
1) 小松聡ほか. 心房細動治療 (薬物) ガイドライン (2008年改訂版). Circ J. 72, 2008, 1581-638.
 
2) Cox JL. The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. IV. Surgical technique. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 101, 1991, 584-92.
PubMed
3) Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation Working Group. Independent predictors of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation : a systematic review. Neurology. 69, 2007, 546.
 
4) 北川一夫ほか. 脳卒中データバンク 2009. 小林祥泰編. 東京, 中山書店. 2009, 112.
 
5) Harper P, et al. Bleeding risk with dabigatran in the frail elderly. N Engl J Med. 366, 2012, 864-6.
PubMed
6) Reddy VY, et al. Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure vs warfarin for atrial fibrillation : a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 312, 2014, 1988-98.
PubMed
7) Wolf RK. Minimally invasive surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 19, 2007, 311-8.
 
8) Ohtsuka T, et al. Thoracoscopic Stand-Alone Left Atrial Appendectomy for Thromboembolism Prevention in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 62, 2013, 103-7.
PubMed
9) Lee JM, et al. Impact of Increased Orifice Size and Decreased Flow Velocity of Left Atrial Appendage on Stroke in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 113, 2014, 963-9.
PubMed
10) Voeller RK, et al. Efficacy of a novel bipolar radiofrequency ablation device on the beating heart for atrial fibrillation ablation : A long-term porcine study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 140, 2010, 203-8.
PubMed
11) Di Biase L, et al. Left atrial appendage : an underrecognized trigger site of atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 122, 2010, 109-18.
PubMed
12) Weerasooriya R, et al. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation : are results maintained at 5 years of follow-up? J Am Coll Cardiol. 57, 2011, 160-6.
PubMed

第11章 脳梗塞に対する急性期再灌流療法

P.193 掲載の参考文献
1) Yoshimura S, et al. Efficacy of endovascular treatment for acute cerebral large-vessel occlusion : analysis of nationwide prospective registry. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 23, 2014, 1183-90.
PubMed
2) Broderick JP, et al. Endovascular therapy after intravenous t-PA versus t-PA alone for stroke. N Engl J Med. 368, 2013, 893-903.
PubMed
3) Kidwell CS, et al. A trial of imaging selection and endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 368, 2013, 914-23.
PubMed
4) Ciccone A, et al. Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 368, 2013, 904-13.
PubMed
5) Berkhemer OA, et al. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 372, 2015, 11-20.
PubMed
6) Goyal M, et al. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 372, 2015, 1019-30.
PubMed
7) Campbell BC, et al. Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with perfusion-imaging selection. N Engl J Med. 372, 2015, 1009-18.
PubMed
8) Saver JL, et al. Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs. t-PA alone in stroke. N Engl J Med. 372, 2015, 2285-95.
PubMed
9) Jovin TG, et al. Thrombectomy within 8 hours after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 372, 2015, 2296-306.
PubMed
10) Goyal M, et al. Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke : a meta analysisof individual patient data from five randomized trials. Lancet. 387, 2016, 1723-31.
 

第12章 神経内科医が考える心原性脳塞栓症予防・治療の課題

P.207 掲載の参考文献
1) Hart RG, et al. Meta-analysis : antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 146, 2007, 857-67.
PubMed
2) 循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン (2012年度合同研究班報告). 心房細動治療 (薬物) ガイドライン (2013年改訂版). http://www.j-circ.or.jp/guideline/pdf/JCS2013_inoue_h.pdf (2017年5月閲覧).
 
3) Shen AY, et al. Racial/ethnic differences in the risk of intracranial hemorrhage among patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 50, 2007, 309-15.
PubMed
4) Morgan CL, et al. Warfarin treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation : observing outcomes associated with varying levels of INR control. Thromb Res. 124, 2009, 37-41.
PubMed
5) Azoulay L, et al. Initiation of warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation : early effects on ischaemic strokes. Eur Heart J. 35, 2014, 1881-7.
PubMed
6) Akao M, et al. Inappropriate use of oral anticoagulants for patients with atrial fibrillation. Circ J. 78, 2014, 2166-72.
PubMed
7) Ogawa S, et al. Present profiles of novel anticoagulant use in Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation : insights from the Rivaroxaban Postmarketing Surveillance Registry. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 23, 2014, 2520-6.
PubMed
8) Atarashi H, et al. Present status of anticoagulation treatment in Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation : a report from the J-RHYTHM Registry. Circ J. 75, 2011, 1328-33.
 
9) Akao M, et al. Current status of clinical background of patients with atrial fibrillation in a community-based survey : the Fushimi AF Registry. J Cardiol. 61, 2013, 260-6.
 
10) Poli D, et al. Comparison of HAS-BLED and HAS-BED Versus CHADS2 and CHA2DS2VASc Stroke and Bleeding Scores in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 119, 2017, 1012-6.
PubMed
11) Pisters R, et al. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation : the Euro Heart Survey. Chest 138, 2010, 1093-100.
PubMed
12) Nakamura A, et al. Intensity of anticoagulantion and clinical outcomes in acute cardioembolic stroke : The Fukuoka Stroke Registry. Stroke. 44, 2013, 3239-42.
 
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