糖尿病学　2022

出版社： 診断と治療社
著者：
発行日： 2022-05-27
分野： 臨床医学：内科  >  糖尿病
ISBN： 9784787825445
電子書籍版： 2002-05-27 （電子版）
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糖尿病学のなかでも特にわが国発の研究に重点を置いて重要な課題を取り上げ，専門的に解説したイヤーブック．今年もこの1年の基礎的研究，臨床・展開研究の成果等が18編の論文に凝集されている．糖尿病研究者のみならず，一般臨床医にとっても必読の書．

目次

  • 特別企画：Voyage to the Islets of Langerhans
    ■はじめに
    ■グルコースによるインスリン分泌の分子機構の解明
    ■cAMPによるインスリン分泌機構の解明
    ■糖尿病治療薬の作用機序に関する新たな知見
    ■おわりに

    基礎研究

    1．インスリン発見から100年「今，あらためて糖尿病を問い直す」
    ■はじめに
    ■糖尿病の診断は現在のままでよいのか
    ■糖尿病の合併症・併存症発症のメカニズムは何か
    ■インスリン抵抗性とは何か
    ■血糖コントロールを正常化する方法
    ■糖尿病のない世界を目指して

    2．東アジア人集団における新規2型糖尿病関連領域の同定
    ■はじめに
    ■2型糖尿病感受性領域の同定
    ■BMJ，性別の影響
    ■民族集団間のリスク効果の比較
    ■おわりに

    3．イメグリミンによる膵β細胞保護作用
    ■はじめに
    ■イメグリミンの想定される作用機序
    ■イメグリミンの膵β細胞からのインスリン分泌促進作用
    ■イメグリミンの膵β細胞の増殖に与える影響
    ■イメグリミンの膵β細胞における小胞体ストレス関連分子群の発現制御
    ■イメグリミンの動物モデルやヒト膵島における膵β細胞保護効果
    ■イメグリミンによる膵β細胞におけるタンパク質翻訳制御
    ■おわりに

    4．膵β細胞の量と機能制御におけるMEK／ERKシグナルの役割
    ■はじめに
    ■MEK／ERKシグナルは高脂肪食負荷時の膵β細胞増殖に寄与する
    ■MEK／ERKシグナルは膵β細胞のインスリン顆粒開口放出を制御する
    ■MEK／ERKシグナルによる開口放出の制御メカニズム
    ■膵β細胞におけるMEK／ERKシグナル活性化と2型糖尿病
    ■膵β細胞においてMEK／ERKシグナルを制御する上流因子
    ■治療応用に向けて

    5．脳におけるIRS―1の役割
    ■はじめに
    ■脳特異的IRS―1欠損マウスの作成および解析にあたって
    ■脳特異的IRS―1欠損マウスは成長障害を呈する
    ■脳特異的IRS―1欠損マウスはインスリン感受性が亢進している
    ■脳特異的IRS―1欠損マウスの視床下部ではGHRHの発現が低下している
    ■IRS―1はIGF―1刺激によるGHRH産生視床下部ニューロンの伸長に関与する
    ■おわりに

    6．IGF―1受容体異常症とIGF―1受容体の構造機能関連
    ■はじめに
    ■IGF―1受容体異常症について
    ■IGF1Rのタンパク質立体構造と機能
    ■FnⅢドメインにおけるIGF1受容体異常症のバリアントの解析
    ■IGF1R遺伝子のバリアントによるタンパク質立体構造への影響と表現型の相関
    ■おわりに

    7．ライフステージと1日のエネルギー消費量
    ■日常生活環境下の1日総エネルギー代謝量を知る意義
    ■TEEの内訳
    ■TEEの評価法（ゴールドスタンダード）
    ■TEE評価法（各種簡便法）
    ■ヒトの生涯にわたるTEE
    ■TEEを測って現場の健康管理・保健指導に生かす
    ■まとめ（細胞・組織の代謝と身体運動）

    8．非アルコール性脂肪肝炎におけるマクロファージの多様性の制御機構
    ■はじめに
    ■組織マクロファージの発生と由来
    ■肝臓由来シグナルによる単球のリプログラミング機構
    ■NASHにおける単球・マクロファージのニッシェ依存的なリプログラミング
    ■NASHにおけるクッパー細胞のリプログラミング
    ■NASHにおけるクッパー細胞死
    ■おわりに

    臨床研究・展開研究

    9．糖尿病，肥満とCOVID―19感染症
    ■はじめに
    ■糖尿病と感染症の一般論
    ■細菌性肺炎，ウイルスによる上気道感染・肺炎と糖尿病
    ■糖尿病と新型コロナウイルス（SARS―CoV―2）
    ■肥満とCOVID―19
    ■まとめ

    10．DiaMATと糖尿病災害対策
    ■はじめに
    ■震災と血糖コントロールの関係
    ■災害時の糖尿病患者支援に関する活動
    ■DiaMAT組織の構築
    ■DiaMATの活動
    ■今後の課題

    11．rtCGM／isCGM（FGM）の進歩
    ■はじめに
    ■CGMの進化
    ■最新のシステム
    ■CGMセンサーの精度
    ■トレンド矢印の活用
    ■rtCGMのアラート機能
    ■HbA1cを超えるコントロール指標
    ■TIRと合併症の関連
    ■CGMの臨床効果
    ■CGMによる低血糖予防
    ■CGMによる急性合併症予防
    ■データシェアの利点と課題
    ■妊娠とCGM
    ■ポンプとCGM
    ■rtCGM／isCGMの選択
    ■CGMとmHealth（モバイルヘルス）
    ■CGMの障壁
    ■解析・指導・支援の実際
    ■機器企業との連携
    ■おわりに

    12．わが国における2型糖尿病の治療実態について―大規模データベース研究
    ■はじめに
    ■方法
    ■結果
    ■考察
    ■ADAガイドライン改定を受けた示唆

    13．高齢者糖尿病治療ガイド2021
    ■はじめに
    ■高齢者糖尿病とは
    ■高齢者に多い併存症とその対策
    ■高齢者糖尿病をサポートする制度
    ■DASC―8
    ■高齢者糖尿病の食事療法
    ■具体的な症例による解説
    ■おわりに

    14．メトホルミンの新たな作用―消化管への糖排泄
    ■はじめに
    ■メトホルミンの血中濃度と作用との解離
    ■メトホルミンのもつ多彩な消化管作用
    ■メトホルミンによる腸内細菌叢の変化
    ■メトホルミンによるFDGの腸管集積
    ■PET／CTの限界とPET／MRIの優位性
    ■PET／MRIを用いたメトホルミンによるブドウ糖動態変化の解析
    ■腸管内腔へのブドウ糖排泄―どこから出ているのか―
    ■腸管内腔へのブドウ糖排泄―どこへ行くのか―
    ■おわりに

    15．心不全治療薬としてのSGLT2阻害薬
    ■はじめに
    ■SGLT2阻害薬の心血管保護メカニズム
    ■糖尿病患者を対象としたSGLT2阻害薬心血管アウトカム試験における心不全イベントに対する効果
    ■左室駆出率の低下した心不全（HFrEF）患者を対象としたSGLT2阻害薬の大規模試験
    ■左室駆出率の保たれた心不全（HFpEF）患者を対象としたSGLT2阻害薬の大規模試験
    ■ガイドラインにおけるSGLT2阻害薬の位置付け
    ■他剤との併用
    ■おわりに

    16．肥満症治療薬としてのGLP―1受容体作動薬
    ■はじめに
    ■GLP―1受容体作動薬について
    ■GLP―1受容体作動薬の減量効果
    ■STEP試験，セマグルチドの減量効果
    ■GLP―1受容体／GIP受容体共作動薬の減量効果
    ■おわりに

    17．日本人の肥満2型糖尿病患者に対する減量・代謝改善手術の適応基準に関する
    　　3学会合同委員会コンセンサスステートメント
    　　―肥満症に対する統合的な治療としての減量・代謝改善技術の進歩
    ■はじめに―肥満と新型コロナ 2つのパンデミック―
    ■肥満を取り巻く複雑な病態と統合的な肥満症治療の必要性
    ■肥満スティグマの存在とアドボカシー活動
    ■減量・代謝改善手術の歴史と現状
    ■肥満2型糖尿病への減量・代謝改善手術の臨床応用とその作用機構
    ■減量・代謝改善手術の適応基準に関する3学会合同委員会コンセンサスステートメント2021
    ■安全で有効な減量・代謝手術を普及させるための課題
    ■おわりに

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

特別企画 : Voyage to the Islets of Langerhans

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基礎研究

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3) Okuyama T, Kyohara M, Terauchi Y, et al. : The Roles of the IGF Axis in the Regulation of the Metabolism : Interaction and Difference between Insulin Receptor Signaling and IGF-I Receptor Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021 ; 22 : 6817
 
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4) Ikushima YM, Awazawa M, Kobayashi N, et al. : MEK/ERK Signaling in β-Cells Bifunctionally Regulates β-Cell Mass and Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Response to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis. Diabetes 2021 ; 70 : 1519-1535
 
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臨床研究・展開研究

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