骨折に伴う静脈血栓塞栓症エビデンスブック

出版社： 全日本病院出版会
著者：
発行日： 2010-11-15
分野： 臨床医学：外科  >  整形外科学
ISBN： 9784881170564
電子書籍版： 2010-11-15 （第1版第1刷）
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商品紹介

骨折周術期の静脈血栓塞栓症の病因・病態から疫学、危険因子、診断、予防法（理学・薬物など）、治療にいたるまでの国内外の文献のエビデンスをふまえ詳説。

目次

  • 骨折に伴う静脈血栓塞栓症エビデンスブック

    ―目次―

    第1章　病因・病態
    第2章　疫学
    第3章　危険因子
    第4章　診断
    第5章　予防法一般
    第6章　予防法（理学療法）
    第7章　予防法（薬物療法）
    第8章　その他の予防法
    第9章　治療

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この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

第1章 病因・病態

P.4 掲載の参考文献
1-1) 佐久間聖仁, 中村真潮, 中西宣文ほか. 肺塞栓症の病型別特徴と診断・治療の比較. Therapeutic Research (0289-8020)2005;26(6):1080-1081.
 

第2章 疫学

P.6 掲載の参考文献
2-1) Geerts WH, Code KI, Jay RM, et al. A prospective study of venous thromboembolism after major trauma. The New England Journal of Medicine 1994;331(24):1601-1606.
PubMed
P.8 掲載の参考文献
2-2) 越智龍弥, 中野哲雄, 宮薗一樹ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折における深部静脈血栓症とD-dimer, SFMCについて. 骨折2006;28(3):558-562.
 
2-3) 伊賀徹, 岡崎裕司, 佐藤和強ほか. 術前超音波検査と下大静脈フィルター留置からみた大腿骨近位部骨折の静脈血栓塞栓症. 骨折2007;29(1):180-182.
 
2-4) 長谷川雅彦, 米山文彦, 中澤秀雄ほか. 大腿骨頸部骨折周術期における深部静脈血栓症の検討. 脈管学 2006;46(6):849-853.
 
2-5) 平岡直人, 浜口富弥, 保田憲基ほか. 大腿骨骨折患者における深部静脈血栓症の発症率に関する検討-術前超音波検査によるスクリーニングの有用性-. Therapeutic Research 2002;23(4):653-655.
 
2-6) 河井秀夫, 阿部靖之, 倉都滋之ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折における深部静脈血栓症の発症率に関する疫学調査. 骨折2007;29(1):173-175.
 
2-7) 塩田直史, 佐藤徹, 松尾真嗣ほか. 股関節周囲骨折術後における深部静脈血栓症・肺塞栓症の発生・診断とその治療. 骨折2002;24(1):83-87
 
2-8) 中瀬順介, 毛利良彦, 鳥畠康充ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折手術症例における深部静脈血栓症・肺血栓塞栓症の検討. 整災外2005;48(11):1363-1366.
 
2-9) 河口大介, 中西俊郎, 佐々木和明ほか. 大腿骨頸部骨折症例における深部静脈血栓症の検討. 東日本整形災害外科学会雑誌2004;16(2):190-193.
 
2-10) 塩田直史. 術式によるDV・PEの発生率の比較. 高齢者大腿骨頸部骨折の治療. 整形外科最小侵襲手術ジャーナル2004;31:55-61.
 
2-11) 吉山晶, 藤田享介, 大熊一成ほか. 大腿骨頸部骨折術前における深部静脈血栓症の検討. 骨・関節・靱帯2006;19(4):341-345.
 
2-12) 越智龍弥. 深部静脈血栓症について. 整形外科と災害外科2003;52(2):298-301.
 
P.10 掲載の参考文献
2-13) 塩田直史, 新藤正輝, 橋本晋平ほか. 骨折後の肺塞栓症発症状況に関する前向き研究. 骨折2009;31(4):858-861.
 
2-14) 植松義直, 及川久之, 佐藤賢治ほか. 深部静脈血栓症の予防処置後に発症した術後肺梗塞の検討. 臨整外 2006;41(6):661-667.
 
2-15) 田島康介, 浦部忠久, 吉川寿一ほか. 当院における大腿骨近位部骨折における症候性肺血栓塞栓症の発生. 整災外2007;50(7):809-812.
 
2-16) 阿部靖之, 中野哲雄, 越智龍弥ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折307 例における急性肺塞栓症の検討. 骨折2002;24:78-82
 
2-17) 三井博正, 吉川孔明, 長沼慎二ほか. 当科における大腿骨頸部骨折後の肺血栓塞栓症. 青森県立中央病院医誌2006;51(3):108-109.
 
2-18) 宮成嘉, 長濱信一. 当院における大腿骨近位部骨折後の肺塞栓症例の検討. 中部整災誌2006;49(6):1115-1116.
 
P.11 掲載の参考文献
2-19) 塩田直史, 新藤正輝, 橋本晋平ほか. 骨折後の肺塞栓症発症状況に関する前向き研究. 骨折2009;31(4):858-861.
 
2-20) 黒岩政之, 瀬尾憲正, 古家仁ほか. 2002年および2003年調査で認められた本邦における周術期肺血栓塞栓症の特徴. (社)日本麻酔科学会肺塞栓症ワーキンググループ報告. 麻酔2006;55(3):365-372.
 
2-21) 高平尚伸, 新藤正輝, 塩田直史ほか. 骨折後の肺血栓塞栓症発症状況の現状-2001-02年における日本骨折治療学会会員および所属施設を対象としたアンケート集計結果-. 骨折2004;26:39-43.
 
P.12 掲載の参考文献
2-22) Horlander KT, Mannino DM, Leeper KV. Pulmonary Embolism Mortality in the United States, 1979-1998-An analysis using multiple-cause mortality data-. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1711-1717.
PubMed
P.13 掲載の参考文献
2-23) Piovella F, Wang CJ, Lu H, et al. Deep-vein thrombosis rates after major orthopedic surgery in Asia. An epidemiological study based on postoperative screening with centrally adjudicated bilateral venography.Journal of Thrombosis & Haemostasis 2005;3(12):2664-2670.
PubMed
2-24) Chotanaphuti T, Foojareonyos T, Panjapong S, et al. Incidence of deep vein thrombosis in postoperative hip fracture patients in Phramongkutklao Hospital. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 2005;88 Suppl 3:S159-163.
 
2-25) Dhillon KS, Askander A, Doraismay S. Postoperative deep-vein thrombosis in Asian patients is not rarity. J Bone Joint Surg 1996;78-B:427-430
PubMed
P.14 掲載の参考文献
2-26) Roberts TS, Nelson CL, Barnes CL, et al. The preoperative prevalence and postoperative incidence of thromboembolism in patients with hip fractures treated with dextran prophylaxis. Clin Orthop 1990;255:198-203.
PubMed
2-27) 塩田直史. 術式によるDVT・PEの発生率の比較. 高齢者大腿骨頸部骨折の治療. 整形外科最小侵襲手術ジャーナル2004;31:55-61.
 
2-28) 村上厚文, 鈴木和浩, 森保幸治ほか. 大腿骨頭挿入術後の深部静脈血栓症と肺塞栓症. Therapeutic Research 2004;25(6):1168-1170.
Medical*Online
P.15 掲載の参考文献
2-29) Perez JV, Warwick DJ, Case CP, et al. Death after proximal femoral fracture-an autopsy study. Injury 1995;26(4):237-240.
PubMed
2-30) 河井秀夫, 阿部靖之, 倉都滋之ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折における深部静脈血栓症の発症率に関する疫学調査. 骨折2007;29(1):173-175.
 
2-31) Truitt AK, Sorrells DL, Halvorson E, et al. Pulmonary embolism:which pediatric trauma patients are at risk? Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2005;40(1):124-127.
PubMed
P.16 掲載の参考文献
2-32) Barrett JA, Baron JA, Beach ML. Mortality and pulmonary embolism after fracture in the elderly. Osteoporos Int 2003;14:889-894.
PubMed
2-33) Abelseth G, Buckley RE, Pineo GE, et al. Incidence of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with fractures of the lower extremity distal to the hip. J Orthop Trauma 1996;10(4):230-235.
 
2-34) 梶谷充, 佐藤徹, 塩田直史ほか. 下肢骨折術後における深部静脈血栓症の検討. 日本職業災害医学 会会誌2002;50(臨増):168.
 

第3章 危険因子

P.19 掲載の参考文献
3-1) 宮田敏行. 本邦に潜在的な凝固異常はどのくらいいるのか-遺伝子調査の経験から-. 最新医学2006;61(8):1683-1688.
 
P.23 掲載の参考文献
3-2) Piotrowski JJ, Alexander JJ, Brandt CP, et al. Is deep vein thrombosis surveillance warranted in high-risk trauma patients? The American Journal of Surgery 1996;172(2):210-213.
 
3-3) Geerts WH, Code KI, Jay RM, et al. A prospective study of venous thromboembolism after major trauma. The New England Journal of Medicine 1994;331(24):1601-1606.
PubMed
3-4) Knudson MM, Lewis FR, Clinton A, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in trauma patients. J Trauma 1994;37(3):480-487.
PubMed
3-5) Fuchs S, Heyse T, Rudofsky G, et al. Continuous passive motion in the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis:a randomised comparison in trauma patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87(8):1117-1122.
PubMed
3-6) 河口大介, 中西俊郎, 佐々木和明ほか. 大腿骨頸部骨折症例における深部静脈血栓症の検討. 東日本整形災害外科学会雑誌2004;16(2):190-193.
 
3-7) Knudson MM, Collins JA, Goodman SB, et al. Thromboembolism following multiple trauma. J Trauma 1992;32(1):2-11.
PubMed
3-8) Velmahos GC, Nigro J, Tatevossian R, et al. Inability of an aggressive policy of thromboprophylaxis to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in critically injured patients:are current methods of DVT prophylaxis insufficient? J Am Coll Surg. 1998;187(5):529-533.
PubMed
3-9) Meissner MH, Chandler WL, Elliott JS. Venous thromboembolism in trauma:a local manifestation of systemic hypercoagulability? J Trauma 2003;54(2):224-231.
PubMed
3-10) O'Malley KF, Ross SE. Pulmonary embolism in major trauma patients. J Trauma 1990;30(6):748-750.
PubMed
3-11) Winchell RJ, Hoyt DB, Walsh JC, et al. Risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism despie routine prophylaxis:implications for imprived protection. J Trauma 1994;37:600-606.
 
3-12) Iskander GA, Nelson RS, Morehouse DL, et al. Incidence and propagation of infrageniculate deep venous thrombosis in trauma patients. Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 2006;61(3):695-700.
 
3-13) Knudson MM, Ikossi DG, Khaw L, et al. Thromboembolism after trauma:an analysis of 1602 episodes from the American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank. Annals of surgery 2004;240(3):490-496.
PubMed
3-14) Karunakar MA, Shah SN, Jerabek S, et al. Body mass index as a predictor of complications after operative treatment of acetabular fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87(7):1498-1502.
PubMed
3-15) Buerger PM, Peoples JB, Lemmon GW, et al. Risk of pulmonary emboli in patients with pelvic fractures. Am Surg 1993;59(8):505-508.
PubMed
3-16) Lieberman DV, Lieberman D. Proximal deep vein thrombosis after hip fracture surgery in elderly patients despite thromboprophylaxis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81(10):745-750.
PubMed
P.24 掲載の参考文献
3-17) 塩田直史. 術式によるDVT・PEの発生率の比較. 整形外科最小侵襲手術ジャーナル2004;31:55-61.
 
3-18) Hefley WF Jr, Nelson CL, Puskarich-May CL. Effect of delayed admission to the hospital on the preoperative prevalence of deep-vein thrombosis associated with fractures about the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1996;78(4):581-583.
 
3-19) Abelseth G, Buckley RE, Pineo GE, et al. Incidence of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with fractures of the lower extremity distal to the hip. J Orthop Trauma 1996;10(4):230-235.
 
P.27 掲載の参考文献
3-20) Maffulli N, Testa V, Capasso G. Use of a Tourniquet in the Internal Fixation of Fractures of the Distal Part of the Fibula. J Bone Joint Surg 1993;75(A):700-703.
PubMed
3-21) Gregory S, Terence S. Incidence of DVT following surgery of the foot and ankle. Foot & Ankle international 2002;23(5):411-414.
 
3-22) Darmanis S, Papanikolaou A, Pavlakis D. Fatal intra-operative pulmonary embolism following application of an Esmarch bandage. Injury. Int, J Care Injured 2002;33:761-764.
 
3-23) Araki S, Uchiyama M. Fatal pulmonary embolism following tourniquet inflation. A case report. Acta Orthop Scand 1991;62(5):488.
PubMed
3-24) Lu CW, Chen YS, Wang MJ. Massive pulmonary embolism after application of an esmarch bandage. Anesth analg 2004;98(11):1187-1189.
 
3-25) 片山貴晶, 岩間裕, 金子敏和ほか. エスマルヒによる下肢駆血による肺血栓・心停止を発症した下肢骨折患者の1症例. 麻酔1997;46(7):1017.
 
3-26) 鈴木麻衣子, 小坂橋俊哉, 梅村直治ほか. 肺血栓塞栓症によって死亡した大腿骨折の1例. 臨床麻酔 2004;28:729-731.
 
3-27) 岡本秀貴, 井島章壽, 櫻井公也ほか. 右足関節手術中の駆血帯開放直後に発生した肺塞栓症の1例. 臨整外1997;32:1179-1183.
 
3-28) 金子真也, 宮本久士, 実金健ほか. 長管骨骨折における術前・術後の肺塞栓症. 津山中央病院医学雑誌2002;16:105-109.
 
3-29) 小田克彦, 佐藤尚, 石井仁ほか. 整形外科の手術中に発症した急性肺塞栓症. 胸部外科2003;56:356-359.
 
3-30) 吉田隆司, 糸井恵, 野尻武浩ほか. 肺梗塞の2症例. 中部整災誌2002;45(6):1069-1070.
 
3-31) 目昭仁, 砂金光蔵, 木戸健司ほか. 当科にて経験した肺塞栓症の3症例. 中部整災誌2003;46(6):1031-1032.
 
P.29 掲載の参考文献
3-32) Parker MJ, Handoll HH, Griffiths R. Anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery in adults(Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;2:CD000521.
 
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第4章 診断

P.36 掲載の参考文献
4-1) Fauno P, Suomalainen O, Bergqvist D, et al. The use of fibrinogen uptake test in screening for deep vein thrombosis in patients with hip fracture. Thromb Res 1990;60(3):185-190.
PubMed
P.37 掲載の参考文献
4-2) 渡辺充伸, 本多一宏, 宮本和彦ほか. 深部静脈血栓症に対するスクリーニングとしてのD-dimer, FDPの有用性. 骨折2005;27(1):128-131.
 
4-3) 渡辺充伸, 本多一宏, 宮本和彦ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折における術前深部静脈血栓症のスクリーニング法としてのFDPの有用性. 骨折2007;29(1):176-179.
 
P.41 掲載の参考文献
4-4) 塩田直史, 佐藤徹. 大腿骨近位部骨折術後の深部静脈血栓症の発生と治療. 臨整外2003;38(5):593-599.
 
4-5) Terao M, Ozaki T, Sato T. Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis after operation for fracture of the proximal femur:comparative study of ultrasonography and venography. Journal of Orthopaedic Science 2006;11(2):146-153.
PubMed
4-6) 中野哲雄, 越智龍弥. 大腿骨頸部・転子部骨折におけるDVT発生率とスクリーニングとしてのD-dimer, 可溶性フィブリン(SF)の有用性の検討. 医学と生物学2005;149(11):430-436.
 
4-7) 寺元秀文, 住吉正行, 高木徹ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折の深部静脈血栓症/肺血栓塞栓症合併症例の検討. 骨折2005;27(1):124-127.
 
4-8) 中瀬順介, 毛利良彦, 鳥畠康充ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折手術症例における深部静脈血栓症肺血栓塞栓症の検討. 整災外2005;48(11):1363-1366.
 
4-9) 小川孝, 櫻井公也, 加藤哲司ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折術後の深部静脈血栓症の発症頻度, 臨床症状, 危険因子についての検討. 陶生医報2004;20:27-30.
 
4-10) 尾崎昭洋, 鍋島祐次, 三谷誠ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折における術後深部静脈血栓症とD-dimerについて. 中部整災誌2006;49(6):1029-1030.
 
4-11) 阿部靖之, 冨士武史, 橋本晋平ほか. D-dimer は下肢骨折における深部静脈血栓症のスクリーニングと成り得るか? 骨折2007;29(1):168-172.
 
4-12) 阿部靖之. 下肢骨折における深部静脈血栓症と肺血栓塞栓症. 骨折2004;26(1):12-21.
 
4-13) 小川孝, 櫻井公他, 柴田正人ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折術後のD-dimer計測日(5日目と7日目)によるD-dimer値の変化とDVT検出の検討. 中部整災誌2006;49(6):1031-1032.
 
4-14) 土井武, 小川健一, 宗友和生ほか. 造影CTによる骨盤輪・寛骨臼骨折後の静脈血栓塞栓症の診断. 骨折2006;28(3):457-460.
 
4-15) 尹智弘, 藤原三郎, 千野孔三ほか. 深部静脈血栓症の発症要因についての検討. 山梨医学2005;33:67-69.
 
4-16) 渡辺充伸, 本多一宏, 宮本和彦ほか. 深部静脈血栓症に対するスクリーニングとしてのD-dimer, FDPの有用性. 骨折2005;27(1):128-131.
 
4-17) 橋本晋平, 桜木哲太郎, 壺井朋哉ほか. 外傷患者における深部静脈血栓症の発生. 骨折2004;26(1):1-3.
 
P.43 掲載の参考文献
4-18) Vogel G, Spanuth E, Klin W. Predictive value of fibrin monomers in postoperative deep vein thrombosis.1990;68(20):1020-1026.
 
4-19) 越智龍弥, 中野哲雄, 宮薗一樹ほか. 骨近位部骨折における深部静脈血栓症とD-dimer, SFMCについて. 骨折2006;28(3):558-562.
 
4-20) 中野哲雄, 越智龍弥. 大腿骨頸部 転子部骨折におけるDVT発生率とスクリーニングとしてのD-dimer, 可溶性フィブリン(SF)の有用性の検討. 医学と生物学2005;149(11):430-436.
 
4-21) 吉山晶, 藤田享介, 大熊一成ほか. 大腿骨頸部骨折術前における深部静脈血栓症の検討. 骨・関節・靱帯 2006;19(4):341-345.
 
P.44 掲載の参考文献
4-22) 藤田悟, 中村仁信, 中村健治ほか. 日本とスウェーデンにおける静脈造影読影に関する検討. 中部整災誌2006;49(5):911-912.
 
P.46 掲載の参考文献
4-23) Mantoni M, Strandberg C, Neergaard K, et al. Triplex US in the diagnosis of asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis. Acta Radiologica 1997;38(2):327-331.
PubMed
4-24) Magnusson M, Eriksson BI, Kalebo P, et al. Is colour Doppler ultrasound a sensitive screening method in diagnosing deep vein thrombosis after hip surgery? Thromb Haemost 1996;75:242-245.
PubMed
4-25) Agnelli G, Volpato R, Radicchia S, et al. Detection of asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis by real-time Bmode ultrasonography in hip surgery patients. Thromb Haemost 1992;68:257-260.
PubMed
4-26) Cronan JJ, Froehlich JA, Dorfman GS. Image-directed Doppler ultrasound:a screening technique for patients at high risk to develop deep vein thrombosis. J Clin Ultrasound 1991;19(3):133-138.
 
4-27) Terao M, Ozaki T, Sato T. Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis after operation for fracture of the proximal femur:comparative study of ultrasonography and venography. Journal of Orthopaedic Science 2006;11(2):146-153.
PubMed
P.48 掲載の参考文献
4-29) Montgomery KD, Potter HG, Helfet DL. Magnetic resonance venography to evaluate the deep venous system of the pelvis in patients who have an acetabular fracture. J Bone Joint Surg 1995;77-A(11):1639-1649.
PubMed
4-30) Stover MD, Morgan SJ, Bosse MJ, et al. Prospective comparison of contrast-enhanced computed tomography versus magnetic resonance venography in the detection of occult deep pelvic vein thrombosis in patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures. J Orthop Trauma 2002;16(9):613-621.
PubMed

第5章 予防法一般

P.54 掲載の参考文献
5-1) Velmahos GC, Kern J, Chan LS, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism after injury:an evidence-based report-part I:analysis of risk factors and evaluation of the role of vena caval filters. J Trauma 2000;49:132-139.
PubMed
5-2) Geerts WH, Jay Rm, Code KI, et al. A comparison of low-dose heparin with low-molecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after major trauma. N Engl J Med 1996;335:701-707.
PubMed
5-3) Kurtoglu M, Yanar H, Bilsel Y, et al. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis after Head and Spinal Trauma:Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices Versus Low Molecular Weight Heparin. World J Surg 2004;28(10):807-811.
 
5-4) Norwood SH, McAuley CE, Berne JD, et al. A potentially expanded role for enoxaparin in preventing venous thromboembolism in high risk blunt trauma patients. J Am Coll Surg 2001;192(2):161-167.
PubMed
5-5) Knudson MM, Morabito D, Paiement GD, et al. Use of low molecular weight heparin in preventing thromboembolism in trauma patients. J Trauma 1996;41(3):446-459.
PubMed
5-6) Dennis JW, Menawat S, Von Thron J, et al. Efficacy of deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in trauma patients and identification of high-risk groups. J Trauma 1993;35(1):132-139.
PubMed
5-7) Knudson MM, Collins JA, Goodman SB, et al. Thromboembolism following multiple trauma. J Trauma 1992;32(1):2-11.
PubMed
5-8) Piotrowski JJ, Alexander JJ, Brandt CP, et al. Is deep vein thrombosis surveillance warranted in high-risk trauma patients? Am J Surg 1996;172(2):210-213.
 
5-9) Velmahos GC, Nigro J, Tatevossian R, et al. Inability of an aggressive policy of thromboprophylaxis to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in critically injured patients:are current methods of DVT prophylaxis insufficient? J Am Coll Surg 1998;187(5):529-533.
PubMed
5-10) Shackford SR, Davis JW, Hollinggsworth-Fridlund P, et al. Venous thrombosism in patients with major trauma. Am J Surg 1990;159:365-369.
 
5-11) Spannagel U, Kujath P. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in trauma patients. J Trauma 1994;37(3):480-487.
 
5-12) Gersin Keith, Grindlinger Gene, Lee Victor, et al. The efficancy of sequential compression devicein multiple trauma patients with severe head injury. Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care 1994;37(2):205-208.
 
5-13) Napolitano LM, Garlapati VS, Heard SO, et al. Asymptomatic Deep Venous Thrombosis in the Trauma Patient:Is an Aggressive Screening Protocol Justified? J Trauma 1995;39(4):651-659.
PubMed
P.56 掲載の参考文献
5-14) Jorgensen PS, Knudsen JB, Broeng L, et al. The thromboprophylactic effect of a low-molecular-weight heparin(Fragmin)in hip fracture surgery. A placebo-controlled study. Clin Orthop 1992;278:95-100.
PubMed
5-15) Roberts TS, Nelson CL, Barnes CL, et al. The preoperative prevalence and postoperative incidence of thromboembolism in patients with hip fractures treated with dextran prophylaxis. Clin Orthop 1990;255:198-203.
PubMed
5-16) Geerts WH, Code KI, Jay RM, et al. A prospective study of venous thromboembolism after major trauma. The New England Journal of Medicine 1994;331(24):1601-1606.
PubMed
5-17) Hefley FG Jr, Nelson CL, Puskarich-May CL. Effect of delayed admission to the hospital on the preoperative prevalence of deep-vein thrombosis associated with fractures about the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1996;78(4):581-583.
 
5-18) Zahn HR, Skinner JA, Porteous MJ. The preoperative prevalence of deep vein thrombosis in patients with femoral neck fractures and delayed operation. Injury 1999;30(9):605-607.
PubMed
P.59 掲載の参考文献
5-19) Habscheid W, Spannagel U, Kujath P, et al. Thromboseprophylaxe mit niedermoleklaren heparin bei ambulanten patienten mit verletzzung unteren extremitat:eine sonogarphische studie. Vasa Suppl 1991;33:222-223.
PubMed
5-20) Gregory S, Terence S. Incidence of DVT following surgery of the foot and ankle. Foot & Ankle international 2002;23(5):411-414.
 
5-21) Wang F, Wera G, Knoblich GO, et al. Pulmonary embolism following operative treatment of ankle fracture:A report of three cases and review of the literature. Foot & Ankle international 2002;23(5):406-410.
PubMed
5-22) Kock HJ, Schmit-Neuerburg KP, Hanke J, et al. Thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin in outpatients with plaster-cast immobilization of the leg. Lancet 1995;346:459-461.
PubMed
5-23) Lassen MR, Borris LC, Nakov RL. Use of the low-molecular weight heparin reviparin to prevent deep-vein thrombosis after leg injury requiring immobilization. N Engl J Med 2002;347:726-730.
PubMed
5-24) Selby R, Geert WH, Kreder HJ, et al. Clinically important venous thromboembolism(CIVTE)following isolated leg fractures distal to the knee:epidemiology and prevention:the D-KAF(Dalteparin in knee to ankle fracture)trial. J Thromb Haemost 2007;5(Suppl 2):O-T-051.
 
5-25) Jorgensen PS, Warming T, Hansen K, et al. Low molecular weight heparin(Innohep)as thromboprophylaxis in outpatients with a plaster cast:a venografic controlled study. Thromb Res 2002;105:477-480.
PubMed
5-26) Spannagel U, Kujath P. Low molecular weight heparin for the prevention of thromboembolism in outpatients immobilized by plaster cast. Seminars In Thrombosis And Hemostasis 1993;19(1):131-141.
 
5-27) Gehling H, Giannadakis K, Lefering R, et al. A comparison of acetylsalicylic acid with low-molecular-weight heparin for prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis in outpatients with injuries and immobilizing bandages of the lower limb. Unfallchirung 1998;101:42-49.
 
5-28) Selby R, Geerts WH, Crowther MA, et al. A prospecyive chort study of the epidemiology of symptomatic thromboembolism VTE) after isolated leg fractures distal to the knee without thromboprophylaxis [abstract]. Blood 2005;106:583.
 
P.62 掲載の参考文献
5-29) Eriksson BI, Lassen MR. Duration of prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism with fondaparinux after hip fracture surgery:a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1337-1342.
PubMed
5-30) Wilson D, Cooke EA, McNally MA, et al. Altered venous function and deep venous thrombosis following proximal fermoral fracture. Injury 2002;33(1):33-39.
 
5-31) Agnelli G, Ranucci V, Veschi F, et al. Clinical outcome of orthopaedic patients with negative lower limb venography at discharge. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 1995;74(4):1042-1044.
 
5-32) Bjornara BT, Gudmundsen TE, Dahl OE. Frequency and timing of clinical venous thromboembolism after major joint surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2006;88(3):386-391.
PubMed
5-33) Finsen V. Duration of thrombosis prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery. Ann Chir Gynaecol 2001;90(2):105-108.
PubMed

第6章 予防法 (理学療法)

P.67 掲載の参考文献
6-1) 平井正文, 岩田博英, 温水吉仁ほか. 深部静脈血栓症予防における運動, 弾性ストッキング, 間欠的空気圧迫法の臨床応用. 静脈学2004;15:59-66
 
6-2) Agu O, Hamilton G, Baker D. Graduated compression stockings in the prevention of venous thromboembolism. Br J Surg 1999;86(8):992-1004.
PubMed
P.68 掲載の参考文献
6-3) Cornwell EE 3rd, Chang D, Velmahos G, et al. Compliance with sequential compression device prophylaxis in at-risk trauma patients:A prospective analysis. Am Surg:2002;68(5):470-473.
PubMed
6-4) Murakami M, McDill TL, Cindrick-Pounds L, et al. Deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in trauma:improved compliance with a novel miniaturized pneumatic compression device. J Vasc Surg 2003;38(5):923-927.
 
P.70 掲載の参考文献
6-5) Handoll HH, Farrar MJ, McBirnie J, et al. Heparin, low molecular weight heparin and physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following surgery for hip fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(4):CD000305, Review.
 
6-6) Fisher CG, Blachut PA, Salvian AJ, et al. Effectiveness of Pneumatic Leg Compression Devices for the Prevention of Thromboembolic Disease in Orthopaedic Trauma Patients:A Prospective, Randomized Study of Compression Alone Versus no Prophylaxis. J Orthop Trauma 1995;9(1):1-7.
PubMed
6-7) 伊藤隆司, 元津康彦, 多田晴彦ほか. 超音波検査を用いた大腿骨頸部骨折周術期の深部静脈血栓症の発生頻度及びその予防. 洛和会病院医学雑誌2005;16:84-87.
 
P.71 掲載の参考文献
6-8) Handoll HH, Farrar MJ, McBirnie J, et al. Heparin, low molecular weight heparin and physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following surgery for hip fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(4):CD000305, Review.
 
6-9) 伊藤孝明, 立花新太郎, 武田裕介ほか. 受傷後早期手術と末梢循環促進装置(pneumatic compression device) 使用により大腿骨近位部骨折術後の肺塞栓症の発生頻度は減少する. 骨折2004;26:44-46.
 
P.72 掲載の参考文献
6-10) Elliott GC , Dudeny TM, Egger M, et al. Calf-Thigh Sequential Pneumatic Compression Compared with Plantar Venous Pneumatic Compression to Prevent Deep-Vein Thrombosis after Non-Lower Extremity Trauma. J Trauma 1999;47(1):25-32.
 
6-11) Stannard JP, Riley RS, McClenney MD, et al. Mechanical prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after pelvic and acetabular fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 2001;83-A(7):1047-1051.
 
6-12) Anglen JO, Bagby C, George R. A randomized comparison of sequential-gradient calf compression with intermittent plantar compression for prevention of venous thrombosis in orthopedic trauma patients:preliminary results. Am J Orthop 1998;27(1):53-58.
 
6-13) 田場健, 高田秀彰, 元津康彦ほか. 大腿骨頸部骨折におけるフットポンプの機種による深部静脈血栓症予防効果の比較. 中部整災誌2007;50(1):173-174.
 
P.74 掲載の参考文献
6-14) Limpus A, Chaboyer W, McDonald E, et al. Mechanical thromboprophylaxis in critically ill patients:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Crit Care 2006;15(4):411-412.
 
6-15) Gersin K, Grindlinger GA, Lee V, et al. The efficancy of sequential compression devicde in multiple trauma patients with severe head injury. J Trauma 1994;37(2):205-208.
 
6-16) Velmahos GC, Nigro J, Tatevossian R, et al. Inability of an aggressive policy of thromboprophylaxis to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in critically injured patients:are current methods of DVT prophylaxis insufficient? J Am Coll Surg 1998;187(5):529-533.
PubMed

第7章 予防法 (薬物療法)

P.76 掲載の参考文献
7-1) Hefley W, Nelson C, Puskarich C. Thromboembolic disease in patients with fractures of the hip:Preoperative prevalence and effect of dextran prophylaxis. Southern Medical Journal 1990;83:2s49-2s50.
 
P.77 掲載の参考文献
7-2) Falkendal L, Eriksson BI, Soderberg K, et al. Is low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) an effective antithrombotic drug following hip fracture surgery? Results of a randomized study comparing LMWH and dextran 70. Thrombosis & Haemostasis 1995;73(6):977-Abstract No 299.
 
7-3) Oertli D, Hess P, Durig M, et al. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients with hip fractures:low molecular weight heparin versus dextran. World J Surg 1992;16:980-985.
PubMed
P.79 掲載の参考文献
7-4) PTE prevention Trial Collaborative Group. Prevention of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis with low dose aspirin:Pulmonary Embolism Prevention(PEP)trial. PTE prevention Trial Collaborative GroupLancet 2000;355:1295-1302.
 
7-5) Monreal M, Lafoz E, Roca J, et al. Platelet count, antiplatelet therapy and pulmonary embolism-a prospective study in patients with hip surgery. Thromb Haemost 1995;73(3):380-385.
PubMed
P.80 掲載の参考文献
7-6) Powers P, Gent M, Klimek M, et al. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing a low-molecular weight heparinoid, Orgaran, with aspirin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism following surgery for hip fracture. Thrombosis & Haemostasis 1993;69(6):1116
 
P.81 掲載の参考文献
7-7) Powers PJ, Gent M, Jay RM, et al. A randomized trial of less intense postoperative warfarin or aspirin therapy in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after surgery for fractured hip. Arch Intern Med 1989;149:771-774.
PubMed
P.82 掲載の参考文献
7-8) Messieh M, Huang Z, Johnson LJ, et al. Warfarin responses in total joint and hip fracture patients. J Arthroplasty 1999;14(6):724-729.
PubMed
7-9) Isaacs C, Paltiel O, Blake G, et al. Age-associated risks of prophylactic anticoagulation in the setting of hip fracture. Am J Med 1994;96(6):487-491.
PubMed
7-10) Hutten BA, Prins MH. Duration of treatment with vitamin K Bantagonists in symptomatic venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007;(3).
 
P.83 掲載の参考文献
7-11) Hutten BA, Prins MH. Duration of treatment with vitamin K antagonists in symptomatic venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007;(3).
 
7-12) Caraballo PJ, Heit JA, Atkinson EJ, et al. Long-term use of oral anticoagulants and the risk of fracture. Arch Intern Med 1999;159(15):1750-1756
 
P.89 掲載の参考文献
7-13) Handoll HH, Farrar MJ, McBirnie J, et al. Heparin, low molecular weight heparin and physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following surgery for hip fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(4).
PubMed
7-14) Thaler HW, Roller RE, Greiner N, et al. Thromboprophylaxis with 60 mg enoxaparin is safe in hip trauma surgery. J Trauma 2001;51(3):518-521.
PubMed
7-15) Sourmelis S, Patoulis G, Tzortzis G. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis with low molecular weight heparin in fractures of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1995:173.
 
7-16) Jorgensen PS, Knudsen JB, Broeng L, et al. The thromboprophylactic effect of a low-molecular-weight heparin(Fragmin)in hip fracture surgery. A placebo-controlled study. Clin Orthop 1992;278:95-100.
PubMed
7-17) Lassen MR, Borris LC, Christiansen HM, et al. Clinical trials with low molecular weight heparins in the prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications:a meta-analysis. Semin Thromb Hemost 1991;17(Suppl):284-290.
 
7-18) 冨士武史, 藤田悟:股関節骨折術後の静脈血栓塞栓症予防に対するエノキサパリンの有用性と安全性. Hip Joint 2008;34:679-682.
 
P.90 掲載の参考文献
7-19) Handoll HH, Farrar MJ, McBirnie J, et al. Heparin, low molecular weight heparin and physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following surgery for hip fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(4):CD000305
PubMed
7-20) Borris LC, Lassen MR, Poulsen KA, et al. Thromboembolic complications after hip fracture-prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin(enoxaparin)versus unfractionated heparin. Thrombosis & Haemostasis 1995;73(6):1104.
 
7-21) Platz A, Hoffmann R, Kohler A, et al. Prevention of thromboembolism in hip fracture:unfractionated heparin versus low molecular weight heparin (a prospective, randomized study) Zeitschrift fur Unfallchirurgie und Versicherungsmedizin 1993;86(3):184-188.
PubMed
7-22) Lassen MR, Borris LC, Christiansen HM, et al. Clinical trials with low molecular weight heparins in the prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications:a meta-analysis. Semin Thromb Hemost 1991;17(Suppl):284-290.
 
P.92 掲載の参考文献
7-23) Handoll HH, Farrar MJ, McBirnie J, et al. Heparin, low molecular weight heparin and physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following surgery for hip fractures. Cochrane Database The Cochrane Library 2004;(2).
 
7-24) Koch A, Ziegler S, Breitschwerdt H, et al. Low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin in thrombosis prophylaxis:meta-analysis based on original patient data, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects 2007;(3).(meta-analysis)(Thrombosis research 2001;102:295-309.)
 
7-25) Ennis RS. Postoperative deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis:a retrospective analysis in 1000 consecutive hip fracture patients treated in a community hospital setting. J South Orthop Assoc 2003;12(1):10-17.
 
P.94 掲載の参考文献
7-26) Gent M, Hirsh J, Ginsberg JS, et al. Low-molecular-weight heparinoid orgaran is more effective than aspirin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after surgery for hip fracture. Circulation 1996;1:80-84.
PubMed
7-27) 中瀬順介, 毛利良彦, 鳥畠康充ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折術後の静脈血栓塞栓症に対する薬物的予防法. 整・災外2006;49(8):937-941.
 
7-28) Roise O, Nurmohamed M, Reijnders P, et al. Thromboprophylaxis in hip fracture surgery:a pilot study comparing danaparoid, enoxaparin and dalteparin. The TIFDED Study Group Anonymous:Haemostasis 1999;29:310-317.
 
P.95 掲載の参考文献
7-29) Rosencher N, Vielpeau C, Emmerich J, et al. Venous thromboembolism and mortality after hip fracture surgery:the ESCORTE study. Journal of Thrombosis & Haemostasis 2005;3(9):2006-2014.
PubMed
P.97 掲載の参考文献
7-30) Rosencher N, Vielpeau C, Emmerich J, et al. Venous thromboembolism and mortality after hip fracture surgery:the ESCORTE study. Journal of Thrombosis & Haemostasis. 2005;3(9):2006-2014.
PubMed
7-31) Thaler HW, Roller RE, Greiner N, et al. Thromboprophylaxis with 60 mg enoxaparin is safe in hip trauma surgery. J Trauma 2001;51(3):518-521.
PubMed
7-32) Sanchez-Ballester J, Smith M, Hassan K, et al. Wound infection in the management of hip fractures:a comparison between low-molecular weight heparin and mechanical prophylaxis. Acta Orthopaedica Belgica 2005;71(1):55-59.
PubMed
7-33) Handschin AE, Trentz O, Kock HJ, et al. Low molecular weight heparin-induced skin necrosis:a systematic review Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects 2007;(3).(Langenbeck Arch Surg 2005;390:249-254)
 
P.99 掲載の参考文献
7-34) 冨士武史, 藤田悟. 股関節骨折手術施行後の静脈血栓塞栓症の予防に対するfondaparinux sodiumの有用性. 股関節骨折手術施行後の静脈血栓塞栓症の予防に対するfondaparinux sodium の有用性評価委員会. 骨折2008;30(1):206-209.
 
7-35) 新村和也, 中瀬順介, 毛利良彦ほか. 大腿骨近位部骨折術後の静脈血栓塞栓症予防におけるフォンダパリヌクスの有用性. 中部整災誌2008;51(5):1027-1028.
 
P.100 掲載の参考文献
7-36) Eriksson BI, Bauer KA, Lassen MR, et al. Fondaparinux compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after hip-fracture surgery. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1298-1304.
PubMed

第8章 その他の予防法

P.103 掲載の参考文献
8-1) Fishmann AJ, Greeno RA, Brooks LR, et al. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in acetabular and pelvic fracture surgery. Clin Orthop 1994;305:133-137.
PubMed
8-2) Eskander MB, Limb D, Stone MH, et al. Sequential mechanical and pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in the surgery of hip fractures. A pilot study. Int Orthop(SICOT)1997;21:259-261.
 
8-3) Stannard JP, Lopez-Ben RR, Volgas DA, et al. Prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis following trauma:a prospective, randomized comparison of mechanical and pharmacologic prophylaxis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(2):261-266.
PubMed
P.104 掲載の参考文献
8-4) Cochrane Database 1. <78>:Continuous passive motion in the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis:a randomised comparison in trauma patients. Fuchs S, Heyse T, Rudofsky G, Gosheger G, Chylarecki C. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2005;87(8):1117-0022.
 
8-5) Cochrane free2 text1 93:Zhao HB, Hu M, Zheng HY, et al. Clinical study on effect of Osteoking in preventing postoperational deep venous thrombosis in patients with intertrochanteric fracture. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2005;11(4):297-299.
 

第9章 治療

P.112 掲載の参考文献
9-1) 矢津卓宏, 中野赳. 静脈血栓症, 治療と予防. 急性期はまず抗凝固投与深部静脈血栓症の予防が課題. 日経メディカル2001;30:109-112.
 
9-2) 丹羽明博. 静脈血栓症・肺塞栓症とDIC. 齋藤英彦編. 最新医学. 大阪:最新医学社;2008. p69-75.
 
9-3) van Dongen CJ, Mac Gillavry MR, Prins MH. Once versus twice daily LMWH for the initial treatment ofvenous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 3, 2007.
 
9-4) 松尾汎. 深部静脈血栓症. 総合臨床2000;(増刊号)49:1119-1200.
 
9-5) 細井温. 肺塞栓症の治療と予防. Angiology Frontier 2004;2:201-206.
 
9-6) 永田泰自. 肺塞栓症. 各種呼吸器疾患に対する治療薬の選択と適正使用の実際. 治療薬2000;5:99-103.
 
9-7) 青崎正彦, 岩出和徳. Warfarinの適正使用情報. 第2版. エーザイ臨床研究センター編. 1998. p33-99.
 
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9-9) 国枝武義. 肺塞栓症診療のポイント200:東京:医学書院;2002. p94-105.
 
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