1) Wahren-Herlenius M, Dorner T. Immunopathogenic mechanisms of systemic autoimmune disease. Lancet 2013 ; 382 : 819-31.
2) Sakaguchi S, Yamaguchi, T Nomura T, et al. Regulatory T cells and immune tolerance. Cell 2008 ; 133 : 775-87.
3) Sakaguchi S, Sakaguchi N, Asano M, et al. Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases. J Immunol 1995 ; 155 : 1151-64.
4) Nishizuka Y, Sakakura T. Thymus and reproduction : sexlinked dysgenesia of the gonad after neonatal thymectomy in mice. Science 1969 ; 166 : 753-5.
5) Asano M, Toda M, Sakaguchi N, et al. Autoimmune disease as a consequence of developmental abnormality of a T cell subpopulation. J Exp Med 1996 ; 184 : 387-96.
6) Itoh M, Takahashi T, Sakaguchi N, et al. Thymus and autoimmunity : production of CD25+CD4+ naturally anergic and suppressive T cells as a key function of the thymus in maintaining immunologic self-tolerance. J Immunol 1999 ; 162 : 5317-26.
7) Hori S, Nomura T, Sakaguchi S. Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor Foxp3. Science 2003 ; 299 : 1057-61.
8) Ohkura N, Kitagawa Y, Sakaguchi S. Development and maintenance of regulatory T cells. Immunity 2013 ; 38 : 414-23.
9) Plitas G, Rudensky AY. Regulatory T cells : Differentiation and function. Cancer Immunol Res 2016 ; 4 : 721-5.
10) Shimizu J, Yamazaki S, Sakaguchi S. Induction of tumor immunity by removing CD25+ CD4+ T cells : a common basis between tumor immunity and autoimmunity. J Immunol 1999 ; 163 : 5211-8.
11) Sakaguchi S. Naturally arising Foxp3-expressing CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T cells in immunological tolerance to self and non-self. Nat Immunol 2005 ; 6 : 345-52.
12) Yamazaki S, Inaba K, Tarbell KV, et al. Dendritic cells expand antigen-specific Foxp3+ CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T cells including suppressors of alloreactivity. Immunol Rev 2006 ; 212 : 314-29.
13) Sakaguchi S, Mikami N, Wing JB, et al. Regulatory T cells and human disease. Annu Rev Immunol 2020 ; 8 : 541-66.
14) Baecher-Allan C, Brown JA, Freeman GJ, et al. CD4+ CD25 high regulatory cells in human peripheral blood. J Immunol 2001 ; 167 : 1245-53.
15) Stephens LA, Mottet C, Mason D, et al. Human CD4 (+) CD25 (+) thymocytes and peripheral T cells have immune suppressive activity in vitro. Eur J Immunol 2001 ; 31 : 1247-54.
16) Yagi H, Nomura T, Nakamura K, et al. Crucial role of FOXP3 in the development and function of human CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T cells. Int Immunol 2004 ; 16 : 1643-56.
17) Bennett CL, Christie J, Ramsdell F, et al. The immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome (IPEX) is caused by mutations of FOXP3. Nat Genet 2001 ; 27 : 20-1.
18) Wildin RS, Ramsdell F, Peake J, et al. X-linked neonatal diabetes mellitus, enteropathy and endocrinopathy syndrome is the human equivalent of mouse scurfy. Nat Genet 2001 ; 27 : 18-20.
19) Khattri R, Cox T, Yasayko SA, et al. An essential role for Scurfin in CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells. Nat Immunol 2003 ; 4 : 337-42.
20) Brunkow ME, Jeffery EW, Hjerrild KA, et al. Disruption of a new forkhead/winged-helix protein, scurfin, results in the fatal lymphoproliferative disorder of the scurfy mouse. Nat Genet 2001 ; 27 : 68-73.
21) Bacchetta R, Barzaghi F, Roncarolo MG. From IPEX syndrome to FOXP3 mutation : a lesson on immune dysregulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018 ; 1417 : 5-22.
22) Tran DQ, Ramsey H, Shevach EM. Induction of FOXP3 expression in naive human CD4+ FOXP3 T cells by T-cell receptor stimulation is transforming growth factor-beta dependent but does not confer a regulatory phenotype. Blood 2007 ; 110 : 2983-90.
23) Liu W, Putnam AL, Xu-Yu Z, et al. CD127 expression inversely correlates with FoxP3 and suppressive function of human CD4+ T reg cells. J Exp Med 2006 ; 203 : 1701-11.
24) Seddiki N, Santner-Nanan B, Martinson J, et al. Expression of interleukin (IL) -2 and IL-7 receptors discriminates between human regulatory and activated T cells. J Exp Med 2006 ; 203 : 1693-700.
25) Miyara M, Yoshioka Y, Kitoh A, et al. Functional delineation and differentiation dynamics of human CD4+ T cells expressing the FoxP3 transcription factor. Immunity 2009 ; 30 : 899-911.
26) Sugiyama D, Nishikawa H, Maeda Y, et al. Anti-CCR4 mAb selectively depletes effector-type FoxP3+CD4+ regulatory T cells, evoking antitumor immune responses in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013 ; 110 : 17945-50.
27) Saito T, Nishikawa H, Wada H, et al. Two FOXP3 (+) CD4 (+) T cell subpopulations distinctly control the prognosis of colorectal cancers. Nat Med 2016 ; 22 : 679-84.
28) Matoba T, Imai M, Ohkura N, et al. Regulatory T cells expressing abundant CTLA-4 on the cell surface with a proliferative gene profile are key features of human head and neck cancer. Int J Cancer 2019 ; 144 : 2811-22.
29) Ohl K, Tenbrock K. Regulatory T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Immunol 2015 ; 45 : 344-55.
30) Morita T, Shima Y, Wing JB, et al. The proportion of regulatory T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis : A metaanalysis. PLoS One 2016 ; 11 : e0162306.
31) Miyara M, Chader D, Sage E, et al. Sialyl Lewis x (CD15s) identifies highly differentiated and most suppressive FOXP3high regulatory T cells in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015 ; 112 : 722530.
32) Ohkura N, Hamaguchi M, Morikawa H, et al. T cell receptor stimulation-induced epigenetic changes and Foxp3 expression are independent and complementary events required for Treg cell development. Immunity 2012 ; 37 : 785-99.
33) Miyao T, Floess S, Setoguchi R, et al. Plasticity of Foxp3 (+) T cells reflects promiscuous Foxp3 expression in conventional T cells but not reprogramming of regulatory T cells. Immunity 2012 ; 36 : 262-75.
34) Ohkura N, Yasumizu Y, Kitagawa Y, et al. Regulatory T cell-specific epigenomic region variants are a key determinant of susceptibility to common autoimmune diseases. Immunity 2020 ; 52 : 1119-32. e4
35) Hnisz D, Abraham BJ, Lee TI, et al. Super-enhancers in the control of cell identity and disease. Cell 2013 ; 155 : 934-47.
36) Kitagawa Y, Ohkura N, Kidani Y, et al. Guidance of regulatory T cell development by Satb1-dependent super-enhancer establishment. Nat Immunol 2017 ; 18 : 173-83.
37) Ferreira LMR, Muller YD, Bluestone JA, et al. Next-generation regulatory T cell therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019 ; 18 : 749-69.
38) Tang Q, Henriksen KJ, Bi M, et al. In vitro-expanded antigen-specific regulatory T cells suppress autoimmune diabetes. J Exp Med 2004 ; 199 : 1455-65.
39) Hoffmann P, Eder R, Kunz-Schughart LA, et al. Large-scale in vitro expansion of polyclonal human CD4 (+) CD25 high regulatory T cells. Blood 2004 ; 104 : 895-903.
40) Bluestone JA, Buckner JH, Fitch M, et al. Type 1 diabetes immunotherapy using polyclonal regulatory T cells. Sci Transl Med 2015 ; 7 : 315ra189.
41) Dall'Era M, Pauli ML, Remedios K, et al. Adoptive Treg cell therapy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019 ; 71 : 431-40.
42) He J, Zhang X, Wei Y, et al. Low-dose interleukin-2 treatment selectively modulates CD4 (+) T cell subsets in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Med 2016 ; 22 : 991-3.
43) Yamazaki S, Steinman RM. Dendritic cells as controllers of antigen-specific Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. J Dermatol Sci 2009 ; 54 : 69-75.
44) Yamazaki S, Iyoda T, Tarbell K, et al. Direct expansion of functional CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T cells by antigenprocessing dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2003 ; 198 : 235-47.
45) Yamazaki S, Patel M, Harper A, et al. Effective expansion of alloantigen-specific Foxp3+ CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T cells by dendritic cells during the mixed leukocyte reaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006 ; 103 : 2758-63.
46) Yamazaki S, Bonito AJ, Spisek R, et al. Dendritic cells are specialized accessory cells along with TGF-b for the differentiation of Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells from peripheral Foxp3 precursors. Blood 2007 ; 110 : 4293-302.
47) Yamazaki S, Dudziak D, Heidkamp GF, et al. CD8+ CD205+ splenic dendritic cells are specialized to induce Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2008 ; 181 : 6923-33.
48) Boroughs AC, Larson RC, Choi BD, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor costimulation domains modulate human regulatory T cell function. JCI Insight 2019 ; 5 : e126194.
49) Dawson NA, Lamarche C, Hoeppli RE, et al. Systematic testing and specificity mapping of alloantigen-specific chimeric antigen receptors in regulatory T cells. JCI Insight 2019 ; 4 : e123672.
50) Imura Y, Ando M, Kondo T, et al. CD19-targeted CAR regulatory T cells suppress B cell pathology without GvHD. JCI Insight 2020 ; 5 : e136185.
51) Dawson NAJ, Rosado-Sanchez I, Novakovsky GE, et al. Functional effects of chimeric antigen receptor co-receptor signaling domains in human regulatory T cells. Sci Transl Med 2020 ; 12 : eaaz3866.
52) Akamatsu M, Mikami N, Ohkura N, et al. Conversion of antigen-specific effector/memory T cells into Foxp3-expressing Treg cells by inhibition of CDK8/19. Sci Immunol 2019 ; 4 : eaaw2707.
53) Mikami N, Kawakami R, Chen KY, et al. Epigenetic conversion of conventional T cells into regulatory T cells by CD28 signal deprivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020 ; 117 : 12258-68.
54) He X, Koenen H, Smeets RL, et al. Targeting PKC in human T cells using sotrastaurin (AEB071) preserves regulatory T cells and prevents IL-17 production. J Invest Dermatol 2014 ; 134 : 975-83.
55) Yamazaki S, Nishioka A, Kasuya S, et al. Homeostasis of thymus-derived Foxp3+ regulatory T cells is controlled by ultraviolet B exposure in the skin. J Immunol 2014 ; 193 : 5488-97.
56) Yamazaki S, Odanaka M, Nishioka A, et al. Ultraviolet B-induced maturation of CD11b-type langerin (-) dendritic cells controls the expansion of Foxp3 (+) regulatory T cells in the skin. J Immunol 2018 ; 200 : 119-29.
57) Shime H, Odanaka M, Tsuiji M, et al. Proenkephalin (+) regulatory T cells expanded by ultraviolet B exposure maintain skin homeostasis with a healing function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020 ; 117 : 20696-705.
58) Kubo R, Muramatsu S, Sagawa Y, et al. Bath-PUVA therapy improves impaired resting regulatory T cells and increases activated regulatory T cells in psoriasis. J Dermatol Sci 2017 ; 86 : 46-53.
59) Furuhashi T, Torii K, Ikumi K, et al. Ultraviolet A1 phototherapy for the treatment of localized scleroderma. J Dermatol 2020 ; 47 : 792-5.
60) Gambichler T, Schmitz L. Ultraviolet A1 phototherapy for fibrosing conditions. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018 ; 5 : 237.