カルニチンのすべて～カルニチン欠乏症を起こさないために～

出版社： 医学図書出版
著者：
発行日： 2023-06-15
分野： 臨床医学：一般  >  臨床医学一般
ISBN： 9784865175332
電子書籍版： 2023-06-15 （第1版）
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カルニチンに関わるすべての医療従者必携書！
カルニチンの発見、基礎から臨床までのすべてをこの一冊にまとめた大全。
知っているようで知らなかった、カルニチンとは何なのか、、、。

目次

  • 第1章 | カルニチンの発見
    　1　筋肉抽出物からのカルニチンの発見
    　2　カルニチンの化学構造の決定
    　3　その後のカルニチンの生理学的作用の研究
    　4　昆虫栄養学におけるカルニチンの生理学的作用の発見
    第2章 | カルニチン回路の確立
    　1　カルニチン回路とは
    　2　CPTの発見
    　3　カルニチン-アシルカルニチントランスロカーゼ（CACT）の発見
    　4　カルニチントランスポーターの発見
    第3章 | カルニチンとは何か
    　1　はじめに
    　2　カルニチンの化学構造
    　3　カルニチン製剤の塩
    　4　カルニチンの物性
    　5　カルニチンについての誤解─アミノ酸？　ビタミンB類？─
    　6　カルニチンが運ぶアシル基とは何か
    　7　コエンザイムA（CoA）とは
    　8　カルニチンの生化学的・生理学的作用
    　9　遊離カルニチンとアシルカルニチン
    　10　長鎖脂肪酸のミトコンドリア内への輸送
    　11　有害なアシル化合物の排出とアシルCoA/遊離CoA比率の調節
    　12　医薬品とサプリメントのL-カルニチン
    　13　アセチル-L-カルニチンとプロピオニル-L-カルニチンについて
    第4章 | カルニチンのホメオスタシス
    　1　はじめに
    　2　カルニチンの体内分布とホメオスタシスの全体像
    　3　カルニチンの組織含量
    　4　カルニチンの食事からの摂取
    　5　カルニチンの生合成
    　6　腎臓からのカルニチンの排泄と再吸収
    　7　種々の疾患におけるカルニチンのホメオスタシスの破綻
    第5章 | カルニチン欠乏症とは何か
    　1　カルニチン欠乏症の定義
    　2　二つのタイプのカルニチン欠乏症
    　3　カルニチン補充療法の意義
    　4　病因論によるカルニチン欠乏症の分類
    　5　カルニチン欠乏症の臨床症状
    　6　カルニチン欠乏症の動物モデル
    第6章 | カルニチンの食欲増進・消化酵素分泌促進作用
    　1　はじめに
    　2　DL-カルニチン製剤（ビカルネシン）の消化液分泌促進作用
    　3　ビカルネシンの食欲増進・体重増加作用
    　4　ビカルネシン，D-カルニチンおよびL-カルニチンの消化液分泌促進作用
    　5　日本国内のDL-塩化カルニチン製剤
    　6　消化管運動機能低下・便秘とカルニチン欠乏
    　7　オレキシンとカルニチン
    　8　カルニチンの食欲増進・消化酵素分泌促進作用に残された課題
    第7章 | カルニチンの抗炎症作用・抗酸化作用・抗アポトーシス作用
    　1　はじめに
    　2　炎症反応における転写因子NF-κBの役割
    　3　ストレス応答反応とNrf2-Keap1系
    　4　カルニチンの抗炎症作用・抗酸化作用・抗アポトーシス作用
    　5　まとめ
    第8章 | カルニチンの定量法と薬物動態学
    　1　はじめに
    　2　古いカルニチンの分析測定法の概説
    　3　現在使われているカルニチン測定法
    　4　経口投与されたカルニチンの吸収と生物学的利用率
    　5　カルニチンの体内分布
    　6　カルニチンの代謝
    　7　カルニチンの排泄
    第9章 | カルニチンの安全性
    　1　はじめに
    　2　食品としてのカルニチンの1日摂取量
    　3　カルニチンのリスクアセスメント
    　4　カルニチンと魚臭症
    　5　カルニチンと動脈硬化
    　6　その他のカルニチンの安全性に関する留意事項
    第10章 | 先天代謝異常症におけるカルニチン欠乏症
    　1　はじめに
    　2　有機酸血症におけるカルニチン欠乏症の成因と病態
    　3　脂肪酸β酸化の概要とその異常症
    　4　尿素サイクル異常症とカルニチン欠乏症
    　5　先天代謝異常症に対するカルニチンの用法・用量
    　6　ミトコンドリア病
    　7　その他の先天代謝異常症とカルニチン
    第11章 | 経管栄養・TPN・特殊ミルクとカルニチン欠乏症
    　1　経管栄養・TPN・特殊ミルクとカルニチン
    　2　経腸栄養剤の種類とカルニチン含量
    　3　経管栄養施行中の重症心身障がい児（者）のカルニチン欠乏症の報告
    　4　静脈栄養におけるカルニチン欠乏症
    　5　TPNによる肝障害
    　6　セリアック病と心筋症
    　7　特殊ミルクによるカルニチン欠乏症
    　8　経管栄養で栄養管理されている患者のカルニチン欠乏症のモニタリング
    第12章 | バルプロ酸ナトリウムによるカルニチン欠乏症
    　1　バルプロ酸ナトリウムの概略
    　2　バルプロ酸による致死性肝毒性（valproate-1nduced hepatotox1c1ty：VHT）
    　3　バルプロ酸による高アンモニア性脳症
    　　（valproate-1nduced hyperammonaem1c encephalopathy：VHE）
    　4　VHTおよびVHEの疫学研究
    　5　VHTおよびVHEの発症原因の研究の概観
    　6　カルニチン補充療法
    　7　小児てんかん患者へのカルニチン補充療法の推奨
    　8　バルプロ酸による無症候性高アンモニア血症
    　9　精神科におけるバルプロ酸による高アンモニア性脳症
    　10　アンモニアの中枢毒性
    　11　バルプロ酸中毒とカルニチン補充療法
    　12　VHTやVHEの発症メカニズム
    　13　まとめ
    第13章 | ピボキシル基含有抗菌薬によるカルニチン欠乏症
    　1　ピボキシル基含有抗菌薬とは
    　2　ピバリン酸の代謝
    　3　ピボキシル基含有抗菌薬によるカルニチン欠乏の臨床薬理学的研究
    　4　国内のピボキシル基含有抗菌薬によるカルニチン欠乏症の症例報告
    　5　タンデムマス分析例におけるピボキシル基含有抗菌薬によるカルニチン欠乏症の検討
    　6　レギュラトリーサイエンスの観点からの課題
    　7　まとめ
    第14章 | 腎不全患者とカルニチン欠乏症
    　1　はじめに
    　2　保存期腎不全患者のカルニチン動態
    　3　透析患者のカルニチン動態
    　4　透析患者のカルニチン欠乏症の臨床症状とカルニチン補充療法
    　5　透析患者の入院とカルニチン
    　6　世界における透析患者に対するカルニチン補充療法の状況
    　7　わが国の透析治療におけるカルニチン補充の役割
    第15章 | 肝臓疾患とカルニチン欠乏症
    　1　はじめに
    　2　肝疾患におけるカルニチン動態
    　3　肝硬変患者の肝性脳症・高アンモニア血症
    　4　肝硬変患者の重度の筋けいれん（こむら返り）へのカルニチンの効果
    　5　肝硬変患者のエネルギー代謝異常とカルニチン投与の効果
    　6　肝硬変患者の栄養状態，QOLおよびサルコペニアへのカルニチン投与の効果
    　7　肝硬変患者の診療におけるカルニチン補充療法の位置付け
    　8　NASH，NAFLDとカルニチン
    　9　膵臓がんやNASH/NAFLD関連肝細胞がんとカルニチン動態
    　10　まとめ
    第16章 | 循環器疾患とカルニチン欠乏症
    　1　はじめに
    　2　虚血性心疾患とカルニチン
    　3　不整脈とカルニチン
    　4　虚血性心疾患におけるカルニチン投与試験のメタアナリシス
    　5　心不全とカルニチン
    　6　末梢動脈疾患とカルニチン
    第17章 | その他の疾患とカルニチン
    　1　はじめに
    　2　インフルエンザ脳症とカルニチン
    　3　ALSとカルニチン
    　4　慢性疲労症候群とカルニチン
    　5　炎症性腸疾患とカルニチン
    　6　アルコール依存症とカルニチン
    　7　ADHD/自閉症とカルニチン
    　8　不妊症とカルニチン
    第18章 | カルニチン欠乏症の診断・治療指針
    　1　はじめに
    　2　カルニチン欠乏症の診断薬の必要性と診断薬保険適用の経緯
    　3　カルニチン欠乏症の診断に適した血中カルニチン分画測定法
    　4　血中カルニチン2 分画検査の実際
    　5　酵素サイクリング法を用いたカルニチン2 分画検査の保険適用
    　6　カルニチン欠乏症の診断・治療の概要
    第19章 | カルニチンに関する臨床薬理学的課題
    　1　はじめに
    　2　医薬品としてのカルニチンの開発史
    　3　ドラッグラグ解消の流れとエルカルチンの適応拡大
    　4　小児に使用される医薬品の開発について
    　5　カルニチン欠乏症の診断薬の保険適用
    　6　まとめ

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

第1章 カルニチンの発見

P.6 掲載の参考文献
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第2章 カルニチン回路の確立

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52) Chapoy PR, Angelini C, Brown WJ, et al:Systemic carnitine deficiency -a treatable inherited lipid-storage disease presenting as Reye's syndrome. N Engl J Med 303:1389-1394, 1980
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53) McGarry JD, Foster JD:Systemic carnitine deficiency. N Engl J Med 303:1413-1414, 1980
 
54) Glasgow AM, Eng G, Engel AG:Systemic carnitine deficiency simulating recurrent Reye syndrome. J Pediatr 96:889-891, 1980
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55) Tripp ME, Katcher ML, Peters HA, et al:Systemic carnitine deficiency presenting familial endocardial fibroelastosis. A treatable cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 305:385-390, 1981
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56) Waber LJ, Valle D, Neill C, et al:Carnitine deficiency presenting as familial cardiomyopathy:a treatable defect in carnitine transport. J Pediatr 101:700-705, 1982
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57) Treem WR, Stanley CA, Finegold DN, et al:Primary carnitine deficiency due to a failure of carnitine transport in kidney, muscle, and fibroblasts. N Engl J Med 319:1331-1336, 1988
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58) Stanley CA, Deleeuw S, Coates PM, et al:Chronic cardiomyopathy and weakness or acute coma in children with a defect in carnitine uptake. Ann Neurol 30:709-716, 1991
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59) Tein I, De Vivo DC, Bierman F, et al:Impaired skin fibroblast carnitine uptake in primary systemic carnitine deficiency manifested by childhood carnitine-responsive cardiomyopathy. Pediatr Res 28:247-255, 1990
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62) Rebouche CJ, Engel AG:Kinetic compartmental analysis of carnitine metabolism in the human carnitine deficiency syndromes evidence for alterations in tissue carnitine transport. J Clin Invest 73:857-867, 1984
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64) Koizumi T, Nikaido H, Hayakawa J, et al:Infantile disease with microvesicular fatty infiltration of viscera spontaneously occurring in the C3H-H-2° strain of mouse with similarities to Reye's syndrome. Lab Animal 22:83-87, 1988
 
65) Kuwajima M, Kono N, Horiuchi M, et al:Animal model of systemic carnitine deficiency:analysis in C3H-H-2° strain of mouse associated with juvenile visceral steatosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 174:1090-1094, 1991
 
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68) Yokogawa K, Yonekawa M, Tamai I, et al:Loss of wild-type carrier-mediated L-carnitine transport activity in hepatocytes of juvenile visceral steatosis mice. Hepatology 30:997-1001, 1999
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73) Nikaido H, Horiuchi M, Hashimoto N, et al:Mapping of jvs (juvenile visceral steatosis) gene, which causes systemic carnitine deficiency in mice, on chromosome 11. Mamm Genome 6:369-370, 1995
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74) Okita K, Tokino T, Nishimori H, et al:Definition of the locus responsible for systemic carnitine deficiency within a 1.6-cM region of mouse chromosome 11 by detailed linkage analysis. Genomics 33:289-291, 1996
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84) Rose EC, Amat di San Filippo C, Ndukwe Erlingsson UC, et al:Genotype-phenotype correlation in primary carnitine deficiency. Hum Mutat 33:118-123, 2012
 

第3章 カルニチンとは何か

P.56 掲載の参考文献
1) レボカルニチン製剤「エルカルチン(R)FF錠100mg」, 「エルカルチン(R)FF錠250mg」, 「エルカルチン(R)FF内用液10%」, 「エルカルチン(R)FF内用液10%分包5mL」, 「エルカルチン(R)FF内用液10%分包10mL」(大塚製薬株式会社)インタビューフォーム
 
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第4章 カルニチンのホメオスタシス

P.77 掲載の参考文献
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第5章 カルニチン欠乏症とは何か

P.109 掲載の参考文献
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第6章 カルニチンの食欲増進・消化酵素分泌促進作用

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第7章 カルニチンの抗炎症作用・抗酸化作用・抗アポトーシス作用

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第8章 カルニチンの定量法と薬物動態学

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第9章 カルニチンの安全性

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第10章 先天代謝異常症におけるカルニチン欠乏症

P.238 掲載の参考文献
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第11章 経管栄養・TPN・特殊ミルクとカルニチン欠乏症

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第12章 バルプロ酸ナトリウムによるカルニチン欠乏症

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第13章 ピボキシル基含有抗菌薬によるカルニチン欠乏症

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第14章 腎不全患者とカルニチン欠乏症

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第15章 肝臓疾患とカルニチン欠乏症

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第16章 循環器疾患とカルニチン欠乏症

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第17章 その他の疾患とカルニチン

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第18章 カルニチン欠乏症の診断・治療指針

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第19章 カルニチンに関する臨床薬理学的課題

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6) 松田一郎:厚生労働科学研究費補助金 医薬品・医療機器等レギュラトリーサイエンス総合研究事業. 小児等の特殊患者群に対する医薬品の有効性, 安全性情報の収集とそれらの情報に基づくリスク評価・管理手法に関する研究(H16-医薬-001). 平成17年度研究報告書. 平成18年(2006年)4月 大浦敏博:先天代謝異常症関連領域における適応外使用医薬品および国内未承認医薬品のプライオリティリストの策定. 同報告書. 645-674
 
7) 井高恭彦:新薬創出加算と医薬品業界 仕組みと影響の解明 ～What is SoushutuKASAN ?～. 医薬経済社, 2010
 
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9) 伊藤知美, 漆原尚巳, 松嶋由紀子, 他:「医療上の必要性の高い未承認薬・適応外薬検討会議」において検討された適応外薬の申請形態. 臨薬理46:233-241, 2015
 
10) 吉田昌生:ドラッグ・ラグ:国内未承認薬の状況とその特徴. JPMA NEWS LETTER 2021年9月号No.205, 2021, https://www.jpma.or.jp/news_room/newsletter/205/05pc-01.html
 
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