麻酔科学レビュー　2021

出版社： 総合医学社
著者：
発行日： 2021-05-25
分野： 臨床医学：外科  >  麻酔科学/ペイン
ISBN： 9784883787425
電子書籍版： 2021-05-25 （第1版第1刷）
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2019年8月〜2020年7月の1年間に国内外で発表された論文・ガイドラインから、麻酔科学分野のエキスパート医師が主要な文献（約1200本）をピックアップし、レビューしています。
麻酔科学のさまざまな領域を網羅し、この1冊を読むだけで、最新の研究成果や麻酔科学領域の動向を把握することができます。

目次

  • 総　論
    1．麻酔前投薬と術前評価
    2．術前絶飲食
    3．周術期禁煙ガイドライン
    4．麻酔と気道管理・確保
    5．吸入麻酔薬
    6．悪性高熱症ガイドライン
    7．静脈麻酔薬（麻薬を除く）
    8．筋弛緩薬と拮抗薬
    9．局所麻酔薬
    10．心・血管作動薬
    11．麻酔に用いられる麻薬性鎮痛薬と鎮静薬
    12．麻酔と呼吸機能
    13．麻酔と心機能
    14．麻酔と冠循環
    15．麻酔と肝機能
    16．麻酔と腎機能
    17．麻酔と脳神経機能
    18．麻酔薬と臓器保護作用
    19．麻酔深度とモニター活用法
    20．麻酔領域での経食道心エコー（TEE）による評価
    21．超音波診断と末梢神経ブロック
    22．周術期ポイントオブケア超音波～ABCD sonography～
    23．輸血と輸液
    24．宗教的輸血拒否
    25．危機的出血への対応
    26．希釈式自己血輸血
    27．全静脈麻酔（TIVA），鎮静（MAC）
    28．手術室危機管理・安全対策
    29．WHO安全な手術のためのガイドライン
    30．硬膜外麻酔と脊髄くも膜下麻酔
    31．小児麻酔
    32．高齢者麻酔
    33．緊急手術の麻酔
    34．産科麻酔
    35．産科危機的出血への対応ガイドライン
    36．内視鏡手術の麻酔
    37．日帰り手術の麻酔
    38．心臓・大血管手術の麻酔
    39．小児心臓麻酔
    40．脳外科の麻酔
    41. Awake craniotomyの麻酔
    42. 移植手術の麻酔
    43. 抗血栓療法ガイドライン
    44. 麻酔関連偶発症
    45. 痛みの生理学
    46. 術後の疼痛管理
    47. ペインクリニック
    48. 緩和ケアとがんの痛み治療
    49. 麻酔科医と救急医療
    50. 心肺蘇生と脳保護
    51. 手術室の効率化と安全
    52. 麻酔科領域の新機材，新技術，新知見
    53. 新しい人工呼吸
    54. 集中治療（1）呼吸と循環
    55. 集中治療（2）体液，栄養，感染の管理
    56. 集中治療（3）ICUにおける鎮痛と鎮静
    57. 集中治療（4）ICUにおけるモニター
    58. 集中治療（5）小児集中治療
    59. 集中治療（6）血液浄化
    60. 新しい全身麻酔薬レミマゾラム

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

1. 麻酔前投薬と術前評価

P.1 掲載の参考文献
1) Bierle DM, Raslau D, Regan DW et al:Preoperative evaluation before noncardiac surgery. Mayo Clin Proc 95:807-822, 2020
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2) Kim JC, Kim J, Kwak H et al:Premedi-cation with dexmedetomidine to reduce emergence agitation:a randomized con-trolled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 19:144, 2019
 
3) Du Z, Zhang XY, Qu SQ et al:The comparison of dexmedetomidine and midazolam premedication on postopera-tive anxiety in children for hernia repair surgery:a randomized controlled trial. Pediatric Anesthesia 29:843-849, 2019
 

2. 術前絶飲食

P.5 掲載の参考文献
1) Singla K, Bala I, Jain D et al:Parent's per-ception and factors affecting compliance with preoperative fasting instructions in children undergoing day care surgery:a prospective observational study. Indian J Anaesth 64:210-215, 2020
 
2) Rizvanovic N, Nesek Adam V, Causevic S et al:A randomised controlled study of preoperative oral carbohydrate load-ing versus fasting in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Int J Colorectal Dis 34:1551-1561, 2019
 
3) Bolin L, Yuan W, Shujuan L et al:A ran-domized controlled study of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading versus fasting in patients undergoing elective craniotomy. Clin Nutr 38:2106-2112, 2019
 

3. 周術期禁煙ガイドライン

P.9 掲載の参考文献
1) Wong J, An D, Urman RD et al:Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement(SPAQI)consensus state-ment on perioperative smoking cessation. Anesth Analg 131:955-968, 2020
 
2) Han X, Wu C, Yan X et al:Are smoking intensity and cessation related to cataract surgery risk in diabetic patients? Findings from the 45 and Up Study. Eye(Lond) 34:383-391, 2020
 
3) Kay-Rivest E, Mascarella M, Sewitch MJ et al:Association between smoking and 30-day outcomes in otologic surgery. Oto-laryngol Head Neck Surg 162:108-113, 2020
 
4) Althoff AD, Reeves RA, Traven SA et al:Smoking is associated with increased sur-gical complications following total shoul-der arthroplasty:an analysis of 14, 465 patients. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 29:491-496, 2020
 
5) Wilson JRF, Jiang F, Badhiwala JH et al:The effect of tobacco smoking on adverse events following adult complex deformity surgery:analysis of 270 patients from the prospective, multicenter Scoli-RISK-1 Study. Spine(Phila Pa 1976)45:32-37, 2020
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6) Chow A, Neville A, Kolozsvari N:Smoking in bariatric surgery:a systematic review. Surg Endosc, 2020 doi:10.1007/s00464-020-07669-3[online ahead of print]
 
7) Yuce TK, Khorfan R, Soper NJ et al:Post-operative complications and readmissions associated with smoking following bariat-ric surgery. J Gastrointest Surg 24:525-530, 2020
 
8) Samaan JS, Mohan S, Toubat O et al:Effects of smoking on bariatric surgery postoperative weight loss and patient sat-isfaction. Surg Endosc, 2020 doi:10.1007/s00464-020-07827-7[online ahead of print]
 
9) Quan H, Ouyang L, Zhou H et al:The ef-fect of preoperative smoking cessation and smoking dose on postoperative complica-tions following radical gastrectomy for gas-tric cancer:a retrospective study of 2469 patients. World J Surg Oncol 17:61, 2019
 
10) Bolckmans R, Kalman T, Singh S et al:Does smoking cessation reduce surgical recurrence after primary ileocolic resec-tion for Crohn's disease? Dis Colon Rectum 63:200-206, 2020
 
11) Inoue Y, Katoh T, Masuda S et al:Peri-operative complications of abdominal sur-gery in smokers. J of Anesth 34:712-718, 2020
 
12) Yoshikawa R, Katada J:Effects of active smoking on postoperative outcomes in hospitalized patients undergoing elective surgery:a retrospective analysis of an administrative claims database in Japan. BMJ Open 9:e029913, 2019
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13) Benson R, McGregor G, Shehata M et al:Optimising fitness for major vascular surgery. BMJ 366:l5002, 2019
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14) Templeton R, Greenhalgh D:Preopera-tive rehabilitation for thoracic surgery. Curr Opin Anesthesiol 32:23-28, 2019
 
15) Fay KA, Phillips JD, Hasson RM et al:Outcomes of an intensive, preoperative smoking cessation program. Ann Thorc Surg 109:e137-e139, 2020
 
16) Davis JM, Thomas LC, Dirkes JEH, et al:A systematic approach to perioperative smoking cessation. Tech Orthop 35:25-30, 2020
 
17) Bohlin KS, Lofgren M, Lindkvist H et al:Smoking cessation prior to gynecological surgery-A registry-based randomized trial. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 99:1230-1237, 2020
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18) Beaupre LA, Hammal F, Stiegelmar R et al:A community-based pharmacist-led smoking cessation program, before elec-tive total joint replacement surgery, mark-edly enhances smoking cessation rates. Tob Induc Dis 18:78, 2020
 
19) Grasbeck H, Ekroos H, Halonen K et al:Weak smoking cessation awareness in pri-mary health care before surgery:a real-world, retrospective cohort study. Scand J Prim Health Care 38:42-46, 2020
 
20) Riley H, Ainani N, Turk A et al:Smoking cessation after hospitalization for myo-cardial infarction or cardiac surgery:assessing patient interest, confidence, and physician prescribing practices. Clin Car-diol 42:1189-1194, 2019
 
21) Nolan MB, Warner MA, Jacobs MA et al:Feasibility of a perioperative text messag-ing smoking cessation program for surgi-cal patients. Anesth Analg 129:e73-e76, 2019
 
22) Stefan MS, Pack Q, Shieh MS et al:The association of nicotine replacement therapy with outcomes among smokers hospitalized for a major surgical proce-dure. Chest 157:1354-1361, 2020
 
23) Xu Z, Norwich-Cavanaugh A, Hsia HC:Can nicotine replacement therapy de-crease complications in plastic surgery? Ann Plast Surg 83(4S Suppl 1):S55-S58, 2019
 
24) Webb AR, Coward L, Soh L et al:Smok-ing cessation in elective surgical patients offered free nicotine patches at listing:a pilot study. Anaesthesia 75:171-178, 2020
 
25) Jimenez-Ruiz CA, Martin V, Alsina-Restoy X et al:Cost-benefit analysis of funding smoking cessation before surgery. British J Surg 107:978-994, 2020
 
26) Gricourt Y, Ghezal H, Claret PG et al:Pre-operative vaping prevalence and behavior of French surgical patients:a multicentre study. Tob Induc Dis 17:84, 2019
 
27) Amaro EJ, Shepard N, Moss L et al:Vap-ing and orthopaedic surgery:a review of current knowledge. JBJS Rev 7:e5, 2019
 
28) Krishna A, Mathieu W, Mull E et al:Peri-operative implications of vaping. J Med Cases 11:129-134, 2020
 
29) Oyston J:What do anesthesiologists need to know about vaping? Can J Anesth 67:1124-1129, 2020
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4. 麻酔と気道管理・確保

P.15 掲載の参考文献
1) Yao W, Wang T, Jiang B et al:Emer-gency tracheal intubation in 202 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China:lessons learnt and international expert recommen-dations. Br J Anaesth 125:e28-e37, 2020
 
2) Cook TM, El-Boghdadly K, McGuire B et al:Consensus guidelines for managing the airway in patients with COVID-19:Guidelines from the Difficult Airway So-ciety, the Association of Anaesthetists the Intensive Care Society, the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine and the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 75:785-799, 2020
 
3) Meng L, Qiu H, Wan L et al:Intubation and ventilation amid the COVID-19 out-break:Wuhan's experience. Anesthesiol-ogy 132:1317-1332, 2020
 
4) Cook TM:Personal protective equipment during the coronavirus disease(COVID)2019 pandemic-a narrative review. An-aesthesia 75:920-927, 2020
 
5) Ahmad I, El-Boghdadly K, Bhagrath R et al:Dif cult airway society guidelines for awake tracheal intubation(ATI)in adults. Anaesthesia 75:509-528, 2020
 
6) Aziz MF, Kristensen MS:From variance to guidance for awake tracheal intubation. Anaesthesia 75:442-446, 2020
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7) Joffe AM, Aziz MF, Posner KL et al:Man-agement of difficult tracheal intubation:a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology 131:818-829, 2019
 
8) Asai T, Hillman D:Current difficult air-way management-not good enough! Anes-thesiology 131:774-776, 2019
 
9) Armstrong L, Harding F, Critchley J et al:An international survey of airway management education in 61countries. Br J Anaesth 125:e54-e60, 2020
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10) Lundstrom LH, Rosenstock CV, Wetter-slev J et al:The DIFFMASK score for predicting difficult facemask ventilation:a cohort study of 46,804 patients. Anaes-thesia 74:1267-1276, 2019
 
11) El-Boghdadly K, Aziz MF:Face-mask ventilation:the neglected essentials? An-aesthesia 74:1227-1230, 2019(Editorial)
 
12) Min SH, Im H, Kim BR et al:Randomized trial comparing early and late adminis-tration of rocuronium before and after checking mask ventilation in patients with normal airways. Anesth Analg 129:380-386, 2019
 
13) Park JW, Min BH, Park SJ et al:Mid-azolam premedication facilitates mask ventilation during induction of general anesthesia:a randomized clinical trial. Anesth Analg 129:500-506, 2019
 
14) Drew T, Khan W, McCaul C:The effect of i-gel(R) insertion on the accuracy of cri-cothyroid membrane identification in adult females:a prospective observational study. Br J Anaesth 123:392-398, 2019
 
15) Groom P, Schofield L, Hettiarachchi N et al:Performance of emergency surgical front of neck airway access by head and neck surgeons, general surgeons, or anaes-thetists:an in situ simulation study. Br J Anaesth 123:696-703, 2019
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16) Ulmer F, Lennertz J, Greif R et al:Emer-gency front of neck access in children:a new learning approach in a rabbit model. Br J Anaesth 125:e61-e68, 2020
 
17) Wong DT, Dallaire A, Singh KP et al:High-flow nasal oxygen improves safe ap-nea time in morbidly obese patients under-going general anesthesia:a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 129:1130-1136, 2019
 
18) Laviola M, Niklas C, Das A et al:Effect of oxygen fraction on airway rescue:a computational modelling study. Br J An-aesth125:e69-e74, 2020
 
19) McLellan E, Lam K, Behringer E et al:High-flow nasal oxygen does not increase the volume of gastric secretions during spontaneous ventilation. Br J Anaesth 125:e75-e80, 2020
 
20) Guihard B, Chollet-Xemard C, Lakhnati P et al:Effect of rocuronium vs succinyl-choline on endotracheal intubation success rate among patients undergoing out-of-hospital rapid sequence intubation:a ran-domized clinical trial. JAMA 322:2303-2312, 2019
 
21) Kim H, Chang JE, Won D et al:The ef-fect of cricoid and paralaryngeal force on upper oesophageal occlusion during induction of anaesthesia:a randomised, crossover study. Anaesthesia 75:179-186, 2020
 
22) Bonnet MP, Mercier FJ, Vicaut E et al:Incidence and risk factors for maternal hypoxaemia during induction of general anaesthesia for non-elective Caesarean section:a prospective multicentre study. Br J Anaesth 125:e81-e87, 2020
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23) Au K, Shippam W, Taylor J et al:De-termining the effective pre-oxygenation interval in obstetric patients using high-flow nasal oxygen and standard flow rate facemask:a biased-coin up-down sequen-tial allocation trial. Anaesthesia 75:609-616, 2020
 
24) Galvez JA, Acquah S, Ahumada L et al:Hypoxemia, bradycardia, and multiple laryngoscopy attempts during anesthetic induction in infants:a single-center, retro-spective study. Anesthesiology 131:830-839, 2019
 
25) Tao B, Liu K, Zhao P et al:Comparison of glideScope video laryngoscopy and di-rect laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in neonates. Anesth Analg 129:482-486, 2019
 
26) Ahn JH, Kwon E, Lee SY et al:Ultra-sound-guided lung sliding sign to confirm optimal depth of tracheal tube insertion in young children. Br J Anaesth 123:309-315, 2019
 
27) Lukannek C, Shaefi S, Platzbecker K et al:The development and validation of the Score for the Prediction of Postoperative Respiratory Complications(SPORC-2)to predict the requirement for early postop-erative tracheal re-intubation:a hospital registry study. Anaesthesia 74:1165-1174, 2019
 
28) Templeton TW, Goenaga-Diaz EJ, Dow-nard MG et al:Assessment of common criteria for awake extubation in infants and young children. Anesthesiology 131:801-808, 2019
 
29) Thille AW, Muller G, Gacouin A et al:Ef-fect of postextubation high-flow nasal oxy-gen with noninvasive ventilation vs high-flow nasal oxygen alone on reintubation among patients at high risk of extubation failure:a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 322:1465-1475, 2019
 
30) Kheterpal S, Vaughn MT, Dubovoy TZ et al:Sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade and postoperative pulmonary complications(STRONGER):a multicenter matched co-hort analysis. Anesthesiology 132:1371-1381, 2020
 
31) Yoon HK, Lee HC, Park JB et al:McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope versus optiscope video stylet for tracheal intubation in patients with manual inline cervical stabi-lization:a randomized trial. Anesth Analg 130:870-878, 2020
 
32) Gong Y, Wang J, Xu X et al:Performance of air seal of flexible reinforced laryngeal mask airway in thyroid surgery compared with endotracheal tube:a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 130:217-223, 2020
 

5. 吸入麻酔薬

P.22 掲載の参考文献
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2) Meyer MJ:Desflurane should Des-appear:global financial rationale. Anesth Analg 131:1317-1322, 2020
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3) Van Norman GA, Jackson S:The anes-thesiologist and global climate change:an ethical obligation to act. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 33:577-583, 2020
 
4) Maheshwari K, Ahuja S, Mascha EJ et al:Effect of sevoflurane versus isoflurane on emergence time and postanesthesia care unit length of stay:an alternating inter-vention trial. Anesth Analg 130:360-366, 2020
 
5) Rauchenwald V, Rollins MD, Ryan SM et al:New method of destroying waste anes-thetic gases using gas-phase photochemis-try. Anesth Analg 131:288-297, 2020
 
6) Bonanni A, Signori A, Alicino C et al:Volatile anesthetics versus propofol for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary by-pass:meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesthesiology 132:1429-1446, 2020
 
7) Tan DX, Chen XX, Bai TZ et al:Sevoflu-rane up-regulates microRNA-204 to ame-liorate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by suppressing Cotl1. Life Sci 259:118162, 2020
 
8) Liu C, Ding R, Huang W et al:Sevoflurane protects against intestinal ischemia-reper-fusion injury by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma/nuclear factor-κB pathway in rats. Phar-macology 105:231-242, 2020
 
9) Kazuma S, Tokinaga Y, Kimizuka M et al:Sevoflurane promotes regeneration of the endothelial glycocalyx by upregulating sial-yltransferase. J Surg Res 241:40-47, 2019
 
10) Mitsui Y, Hou L, Huang X et al:Volatile anesthetic sevoflurane attenuates toll-like receptor 1/2 activation. Anesth Analg 131:631-639, 2020
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11) Hou Y, Lin X, Lei Z et al:Sevoflurane pre-vents vulnerable plaque disruption in apo-lipoprotein E-knockout mice by increasing collagen deposition and inhibiting inflam-mation. Br J Anaesth 125:1034-1044, 2020
 
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14) Jia J, Zhu J, Yang O et al:The role of histone acetylation in the sevoflurane-induced inhibition of neurogenesis in the hippocampi of young mice. Neuroscience 432:73-83, 2020
 
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16) Mei X, Zheng HL, Li C et al:The effects of propofol and sevoflurane on postopera-tive delirium in older patients:a random-ized clinical trial study. J Alzheimers Dis 76:1627-1636, 2020
 
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18) Koo BW, Lim DJ, Oh AY et al:Retro-spective comparison between the effects of propofol and inhalation anesthetics on postoperative recurrence of early-and in-termediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Princ Pract 29:422-428, 2020
 
19) Lai HC, Lee MS, Lin KT et al:Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia is asso-ciated with better survival than desflurane anesthesia in robot-assisted radical prosta-tectomy. PLoS One 15:e0230290, 2020
 
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6. 悪性高熱症ガイドライン

P.30 掲載の参考文献
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8) Mungunsukh O, Deuster P, Muldoon S et al:Estimating prevalence of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility through popu-lation genomics data. Br J Anaesth 123:e461-e463, 2019
 
9) Rutkowsky JM, Knotts TA, Allen PD et al:Sex-specific alterations in whole body energetics and voluntary activity in heterozygous R163C malignant hyperther-mia-susceptible mice. FASEB J 34:8721-8733, 2020
 
10) Canato M, Capitanio P, Cancellara L et al:Excessive accumulation of Ca2+ in mitochondria of Y522S-RYR1 knock-in mice:a link between leak from the sarco-plasmic reticulum and altered redox state.Front Physiol 10:1142, 2019
 
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12) Rafael Lopez J, Kaura V, Hopkins P et al:Transient receptor potential cation channels and calcium dyshomeostasis in a mouse model relevant to malignant hy-perthermia. Anesthesiology 133:364-376, 2020
 
13) Vanden Abeele F, Lotteau S, Ducreux S et al:TRPV1 variants impair intracellular Ca2+ signaling and may confer susceptibil-ity to malignant hyperthermia. Genet Med 21:441-450, 2019
 
14) Bosson C, Rendu J, Pelletier L et al:Vari-ations in the TRPV1 gene are associated to exertional heat stroke. J Sci Med Sport 23:1021-1027, 2020
 
15) Kajii T, Kobayashi S, Shiba S et al:Dan-trolene prevents ventricular tachycardia by stabilizing the ryanodine receptor in pressure-overload induced failing hearts.Biochem Biophys Res Commun 521:57-63, 2020
 
16) Kobayashi S, Wakeyama T, Ono S et al:A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dantrolene on ventricular ar-rhythmia as well as mortality and morbid-ity in patients with chronic heart failure(SHO-IN trial):rationale and design. J Cardiol 75:454-461, 2020
 
17) Abou MB, Sun L, Wei H:Approaches to optimizing dantrolene neuroprotection for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 17:324-328, 2020
 
18) Tamitani M, Yamamoto T, Yamamoto N et al:Dantrolene prevents hepatic ste-atosis by reducing cytoplasmic Ca2+ level and ER stress. Biochem Biophys Rep 23:100787, 2020
 
19) Jiang B, Liang S, Liang G et al:Could dan-trolene be explored as a repurposed drug to treat COVID-19 patients by restoring intracellular calcium homeostasis? Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 24:10228-10238, 2020
 
20) Muller-Wirtz LM, Godsch C, Sessler DI et al:Residual volatile anesthetics after workstation preparation and activated charcoal filtration. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 64:759-765, 2020
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21) Molenaar JP, Verhoeven JI, Rodenburg RJ et al:Clinical, morphological and genetic characterization of Brody disease:an international study of 40 patients. Brain 143:452-466, 2020
 
22) Flucher BE:Skeletal muscle CaV1.1 chan-nelopathies. Pflugers Arch 472:739-754, 2020
 
23) Gardner L, Miller DM, Daly C et al:Investigating the genetic susceptibility to exertional heat illness. J Med Genet 57:531-541, 2020
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24) Schiemann AH, Roesl C, Pollock N et al:Identification and functional analysis of RYR1 variants in a family with a suspect-ed myopathy and associated malignant hyperthermia. J Neuromuscul Dis 7:51-60, 2020
 
25) Sadhasivam S, Brandom BW, Henker RA et al:Bayesian modeling to predict malignant hyperthermia susceptibility and pathogenicity of RYR1, CACNA1S and STAC3 variants. Pharmacogenomics 20:989-1003, 2019
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26) Lawal TA, Wires ES, Terry NL et al:Preclinical model systems of ryanodine receptor 1-related myopathies and ma-lignant hyperthermia:a comprehensive scoping review of works published 1990-2019. Orphanet J Rare Dis 15:113, 2020
 
27) Reggiani C:Caffeine as a tool to investi-gate sarcoplasmic reticulum and intracel-lular calcium dynamics in human skeletal muscles. J Muscle Res Cell Motil, 2020 doi:10.1007/s10974-020-09574-7[onlineahead of print]
 
28) Aleman M, Zhang R, Feng W et al:Di-etary caffeine synergizes adverse periph-eral and central responses to anesthesia in malignant hyperthermia susceptible mice.Mol Pharmacol 98:351-363, 2020
 

7. 静脈麻酔薬 ( 麻薬を除く )

P.37 掲載の参考文献
1) Dutta A, Sethi N, Sood J et al:The effect of dexmedetomidine on propofol require-ments during anesthesia administered by bispectral index-guided closed-loopanesthesia delivery system:a randomized controlled study. Anesth Analg 129:84-91, 2019
 
2) Sathyamoorthy M, Hamilton TB, Wilson Get al:Pre-medication before dental pro-cedures:a randomized controlled study comparing intranasal dexmedetomidine with oral midazolam. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 63:1162-1168, 2019
 
3) Frolich MA, White DM, Kraguljac NV et al:Baseline functional connectivity pre-dicts connectivity changes due to a small dose of midazolam in older adults. Anesth Analg 130:224-232, 2020
 
4) Park JW, Min BH, Park SJ et al:Mid-azolam premedication facilitates mask ventilation during induction of general anesthesia:a randomized clinical trial. Anesth Analg 129:500-506, 2019
 
5) Lin N, Han R, Hui X et al:Midazolam sedation induces upper limb coordination deficits that are reversed by flumazenil in patients with eloquent area gliomas. Anes-thesiology 131:36-45, 2019
 
6) Slupe AM, Minnier J, Raitt MH et al:Dex-medetomidine sedation for paroxysmal su-praventricular tachycardia ablation is not associated with alteration of arrhythmia inducibility. Anesth Analg 129:1529-1535, 2019
 
7) Ban VS, Bhoja R, McDonagh DL:Multi-modal analgesia for craniotomy. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 32:592-599, 2019
 
8) Anwar S, Cooper J, Rahman J:et al:Pro-longed perioperative use of pregabalin and ketamine to prevent persistent pain after cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 131:119-131, 2019
 
9) Maheshwari K, Avitsian R, Sessler DI et al:Multimodal analgesic regimen for spine surgery:a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Anesthesiology 132:992-1002, 2020
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10) Riddell JM, Trummel JM, Onakpoya IJ:Low-dose ketamine in painful orthopaedic surgery:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 123:325-334, 2019
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11) Polk SL, Kashkooli K, Nagaraj SB et al:Automatic detection of general anesthet-ic-states using ECG-derived autonomic nervous system features. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019:2019-2022, 2019
 
12) Matsota PK, Koliantzaki IK, Kostopanag-iotou GG:Pharmacological approach for the prevention of postoperative shiver-ing:a systematic review of prospective randomized controlled trials. Asian J An-esthesiol 57:66-84, 2019
 
13) Zhou Y, Mannan A, Han Y et al:Efficacy and safety of prophylactic use of ketamine for prevention of postanesthetic shiver-ing:a systematic review and meta analy-sis. BMC Anesthesiol 19:245, 2019
 
14) Sleigh J, Pullon RM, Vlisides PE et al:Electroencephalographic slow wave dy-namics and loss of behavioural respon-siveness induced by ketamine in human volunteers. Br J Anaesth 123:592-600, 2019
 
15) Agboola F, Atlas SJ, Touchette DR et al:The Effectiveness and value of esket-amine for the management of treatment-resistant depression. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 26:16-20, 2020
 
16) Huang MC, Chen CH, Chen YL et al:Chronic ketamine abuse is associated with orexin-A reduction and ACTH elevation. Psychopharmacology(Berl)237:45-53, 2020
 
17) Irwin MG, Chung CKE, Ip KY et al:Influ-ence of propofol-based total intravenous anaesthesia on peri-operative outcome measures:a narrative review. Anaesthe-sia 75 Suppl 1:e90-e100, 2020
 
18) Sommerfield DL, Lucas M, Schilling A et al:Propofol use in children with allergies to egg, peanut, soybean or other legumes. Anaesthesia 74:1252-1259, 2019
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19) Maddison KJ, Walsh JH, Shepherd KL et al:Comparison of collapsibility of the hu-man upper airway during anesthesia and during sleep. Anesth Analg 130:1008-1017, 2020
 
20) Sabourdin N, Meniolle F, Chemam S et al:Effect of different concentrations of propofol used as a sole anesthetic on pupil-lary diameter:a randomized trial. Anesth Analg 131:510-517, 2020
 
21) Bonanni A, Signori A, Alicino C et al:Volatile Anesthetics versus propofol for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary by-pass:meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesthesiology 132:1429-1446, 2020
 
22) Lai HC, Lee MS, Lin C et al:Propofol-based total intravenous anaesthesia is associated with better survival than des-flurane anaesthesia in hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma:a retrospective cohort study. Br J Anaesth 123:151-160, 2019
 
23) Schaefer MS, Raub D, Xu X et al:Asso-ciation between propofol dose and 1-year mortality in patients with or without a di-agnosis of solid cancer. Br J Anaesth 124:271-280, 2020
 
24) Hino H, Matsuura T, Kihara Y et al:Comparison between hemodynamic effects of propofol and thiopental during general anesthesia induction with remifentanil infusion:a double-blind, age-stratified, randomized study. J Anesth 33:509-515, 2019
PubMed

8. 筋弛緩薬と拮抗薬

P.46 掲載の参考文献
1) Garutti I, Errando CL, Mazzinari G et al:Spontaneous recovery of neuromuscu-lar blockade is an independent risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complica-tions after abdominal surgery:a second-ary analysis. Eur J Anaesthesiol 37:203-211, 2020
 
2) Sasaki N, Meyer MJ, Malviya SA et al:Effects of neostigmine reversal of nonde-polarizing neuromuscular blocking agents on postoperative respiratory outcomes:a prospective study. Anesthesiology 121:959-968, 2014
 
3) Cappellini I, Ostento D, Loriga B et al:Comparison of neostigmine vs. sugam-madex for recovery of muscle function after neuromuscular block by means of diaphragm ultrasonography in microlaryn-geal surgery:a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 37:44-51, 2020
 
4) Kheterpal S, Vaughn MT, Dubovoy TZ et al: Sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade and postoperative pulmonary complications(STRONGER):a multicenter matched co-hort analysis. Anesthesiology 132:1371-1381, 2020
 
5) Krause M, McWilliams SK, Bullard KJ et al:Neostigmine versus sugammadex for reversal of neuromuscular blockade and effects on reintubation for respiratory failure or newly initiated noninvasive ven-tilation:an interrupted time series design. Anesth Analg 131:141-151, 2020
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6) Togioka BM, Yanez D, Aziz MF et al:Randomised controlled trial of sugam-madex or neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular block on the incidence of pulmonary complications in older adults undergoing prolonged surgery. Br J An-aesth 124:553-561, 2020
 
7) Alday E, Munoz M, Planas A et al:Ef-fects of neuromuscular block reversal with sugammadex versus neostigmine on postoperative respiratory outcomes after major abdominal surgery:a randomized-controlled trial. Can J Anaesth 66:1328-1337, 2019
 
8) Madsen V, Istre O, Staehr-Rye AK et al:Postoperative shoulder pain after laparo-scopic hysterectomy with deep neuromus-cular blockade and low-pressure pneumo-peritoneum:a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 33:341-347, 2016
 
9) Williams 3rd WH, Cata JP, Lasala JD et al:Effect of reversal of deep neuromuscu-lar block with sugammadex or moderate block by neostigmine on shoulder pain in elderly patients undergoing robotic pros-tatectomy. Br J Anaesth 124:164-172, 2020
 
10) Kitajima O, Yamamoto M, Takagi S et al:Potency estimation of sugammadex for the reversal of moderate rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block:a non-randomized dose-response study. J Anesth 34:348-351, 2020
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11) Christensson E, Ebberyd A, Hardemark Cedborg A et al:Hypoxic ventilatory response after rocuronium-induced par-tial neuromuscular blockade in men with obstructive sleep apnoea. Anaesthesia 75:338-347, 2020
 

9. 局所麻酔薬

P.49 掲載の参考文献
1) Shomorony A, Santamaria CM, Zhao C et al:Prolonged duration local anesthesia by combined delivery of capsaicin- and tetrodotoxin-loaded liposomes. Anesth Analg 129:709-717, 2019
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2) Ottoboni T, Quart B, Pawasauskas J et al:Mechanism of action of HTX-011:a novel, extended-release, dual-acting local anes-thetic formulation for postoperative pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med 45:117-123, 2019
 
3) Momeni A, Ramesh NK, Wan D et al:Postoperative analgesia after microsurgi-cal breast reconstruction using liposomal bupivacaine(Exparel). Breast J 25:903-907, 2019
 
4) Wohlrab P, Boehme S, Kaun C et al:Ropi-vacaine activates multiple proapoptotic and inflammatory signaling pathways that might subsume to trigger epidural-related maternal fever. Anesth Analg 130:321-331, 2020
 
5) Yang SS, Wang NN, Postonogova T et al:Intravenous lidocaine to prevent postop-erative airway complications in adults:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 124:314-323, 2020
 
6) Nie H, Bai Z, Li Z et al:Intravenous lipid emulsion modifies synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after bupivacaine-induced central nervous system toxicity. J Neurochem 154:144-157, 2020
 
7) Gitman M, Fettiplace MR, Weinberg GL et al:Local anesthetic systemic toxicity:a narrative literature review and clinical update on prevention, diagnosis, and man-agement. Plast Reconstr Surg 144:783-795, 2019
 
8) Waldinger R, Weinberg G, Gitman M:Local anesthetic toxicity in the geriatric population. Drugs Aging 37:1-9, 2020
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9) Liu Y, Yang S, Yao W et al:Minimum ef-fective dose of plain bupivacaine 0.5% for ultrasound-guided spinal anaesthesia using Taylor's approach. Br J Anaesth 124:e230-e231, 2020
 
10) Vincent M, Mathieu O, Nolain P et al:Population pharmacokinetics of levobu-pivacaine during transversus abdominis plane block in children. Ther Drug Monit 42:497-502, 2020
 

10. 心・血管作動薬

P.55 掲載の参考文献
1) Soar J, Maconochie I, Wyckoff MH et al:2019 international consensus on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treat-ment recommendations:summary from the basic life support;advanced life sup-port;pediatric life support;neonatal life support;education, implementation, and teams;and first aid task forces. Circula-tion 140:e826-e880, 2019
 
2) Soar J, Maconochie I, Wyckoff MH et al:2019 international consensus on cardiopul-monary resuscitation and emergency car-diovascular care science with treatment recommendations. Resuscitation 145:95-150, 2019
 
3) Perkins GD, Kenna C, Ji C et al:The effects of adrenaline in out of hospital car-diac arrest with shockable and non-shock-able rhythms:findings from PACA and PARAMEDIC-2 randomised controlled trials. Resuscitation 140:140, 55-63, 2019
 
4) Panchal AR, Berg KM, Hirsch KG et al:2019 American Heart Association focused update on advanced cardiovascular life support:use of advanced airways, vaso-pressors, and extracorporeal cardiopulmo-nary resuscitation during cardiac arrest:an update to the American Heart Associa-tion guidelines for cardiopulmonary re-suscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation 140:e881-e894, 2019
 
5) Kunst G, Milojevic M, Boer C et al:2019 EACTS/EACTA/EBCP guidelines on cardiopulmonary bypass in adult cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 123:713-757, 2019
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6) Zotzmann V, Rilinger J, Lang CN et al:Epinephrine, inodilator, or no inotrope invenoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implantation:a single-center experience. Crit Care 23:320, 2019
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7) Fu F, Xiao F, Chen W et al:A ran-domised double-blind dose-response study of weight-adjusted infusions of norepi-nephrine for preventing hypotension dur-ing combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia for Caesarean delivery. Br J Anaesth 124:e108-e114, 2020
 
8) Fitzgerald JP, Fedoruk KA, Jadin SM et al:Prevention of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section:a sys-tematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled traials. Anaesthe-sia 75:109-121, 2020
 
9) van Diepen S, Mehta RH, Leimberger JD et al:Levosimendan in patients withreduced left ventricular function undergo-ing isolated coronary or valve surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 159:2302-2309, 2020
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10) Guerrero Orriach JL, Navarro Arce I, Her-nandez Rodriguez P et al:Preservation of renal function in cardiac surgery patients with low cardiac output syndrome:levo-simendan vs beta agonists. BMC Anesthe-siol 19:212, 2019
 
11) Wang A, Cui C, FanY et al:Prophylactic use of levosimendan in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery:a prospec-tive randomized controlled trial. Crit Care 23:428, 2019
 
12) Antcliffe DB, Santhakumaran S, Orme RML et al:Levosimendan in septic shock in patients with biochemical evidence of cardiac dysfunction:a subgroup analysis of the LeoPARDS randomised trial. Inten-sive Care Med 45:1392-1400, 2019
 
13) Huang L, Zhang S, Chang W et al:Terli-pressin for the treatment of septic shock in adults:a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Anesthesiol 20:58, 2020
 
14) Honarmand K, Um KJ, Belly-Cote EP et al:Canadian Critical Care Society clinical practice guidline:the use of vasopressin and vasopressin analogues in critically ill adults with distributive shock. Can J An-aesth 67:369-376, 2020
 
15) Venkatesan S, Jorgensen ME, Manning HJ et al:Preoperative chronic beta-blocker prescription in elderly patients as a risk factor for postoperative mortality strati-fied by preoperative blood pressure:a cohort study. Br J Anaesth 123:118-125, 2019
 
16) Couffignal C, Amour J, Ait-Hamou N et al:Timing of β-blocker reintroduction and the occurrence of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery:a pro-spective cohort study. Anesthesiology 132:267-279, 2020
 

11. 麻酔に用いられる麻薬性鎮痛薬と鎮静薬

P.61 掲載の参考文献
1) Sridharan K, Sivaramakrishnan G:Com-parison of fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil and alfentanil in combination with propo-fol for general anesthesia:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Curr Clin Pharmacol 14:116-124, 2019
 
2) Subramaniam K, Sciortino C, Ruppert K et al:Remifentanil and perioperative glycae-mic response in cardiac surgery:an open-label randomised trial. Br J Anaesth 124:684-692, 2020
 
3) Fukuta K, Kasai A, Niki N et al:The ef-fect of 1% glucose loading on metabolism in the elderly patients during remifentanil-induced anesthesia:a randomized con-trolled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 20:143, 2020
 
4) Ohara S, Nishimura A, Tachikawa S et al:Effect of remifentanil on intraoperative fluid balance:a retrospective statistical examination of factors contributing to fluid balance. J Dent Anesth Pain Med 20:129-135, 2020
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5) Niedermayer S, Heyn J, Guenther F et al:Remifentanil for abdominal surgery is associated with unexpectedly unfavorable outcomes. Pain 161:266-273, 2020
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6) Tams C, Syroid N, Vasilopoulos T et al:Optimizing intraoperative administration of propofol, remifentanil, and fentanyl through pharmacokinetic and pharma-codynamic simulations to increase the postoperative duration of analgesia. J ClinMonit Comput 33:959-971, 2019
 
7) Gao Y, Zhou S, Pan Y et al:Wnt3a inhibi-tor attenuates remifentanil-induced hyper-algesia via downregulating spinal NMDA receptor in rats. J Pain Res 13:1049-1058, 2020
 
8) Hong HK, Ma Y, Xie H:TRPV1 and spinal astrocyte activation contribute to remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Neuroreport 30:1095-1101, 2019
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9) Wang C, Li Q, Jia Z et al:Spinal caspase-6 contributes to remifentanil-induced hyper-algesia via regulating CCL21/CXCR3 path-way in rats. Neurosci Lett 721:134802, 2020
 
10) Zhou J, Qi F, Hu Z et al:Dezocine at-tenuates the remifentanil-induced post-operative hyperalgesia by inhibition of phosphorylation of CaMK IIα. Eur J Phar-macol 2020;869:172882, 2020
 
11) Beloeil H:Opioid-free anesthesia. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 33:353-360, 2019
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12) Toleska M, Dimitrovski A:Is opioid-free general anesthesia more superior for postoperative pain versus opioid general anesthesia in laparoscopic cholecystec-tomy? Pril(Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki)40:81-87, 2019
 
13) Bhardwaj S, Garg K, Devgan S:Compari-son of opioid-based and opioid-free TIVA for laparoscopic urological procedures in obese patients. J Anaesthesiol Clin Phar-macol 35:481-486, 2019
 
14) Guerrero Orriach JL, Raigon Ponferrada A, Malo Manso A et al:Anesthesia in combination with propofol increases disease-free survival in bladder cancer patients who undergo radical tumor cystectomy as compared to inhalational anesthetics and opiate-based analgesia. Oncology 98:161-167, 2020
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15) Thota RS, Ramkiran S, Garg R et al:Opioid free onco-anesthesia:is it time to convict opioids? A systematic review of literature. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 35:441-452, 2019
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16) Enten G, Shenouda MA, Samuels D et al:A Retrospective analysis of the safety and efficacy of opioid-free anesthesia versus opioid anesthesia for general cesarean sec-tion. Cureus 22:11:e5725, 2019
 
17) Gupta S, Mohta A, Gottumukkala V:Opi-oid-free anesthesia-caution for a one-size-fits-all approach. Perioper Med(Lond) 9:16, 2020
 
18) Wu CL, King AB, Geiger TM et al:Fourth Perioperative Quality Initiative Workgroup. American Society for En-hanced Recovery and Perioperative Qual-ity Initiative joint consensus statement on perioperative opioid minimization in opioid-naive patients. Anesth Analg 129:567-577, 2019
 
19) El-Kefraoui C, Olleik G, Chay M-A et al:Opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after surgical discharge:protocol for a system-atic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 10:e035443, 2020
 
20) Fiore JF Jr, Olleik G, El-Kefraoui C et al:Preventing opioid prescription after major surgery:a scoping review of opioid-free analgesia. Br J Anaesth 123:627-636, 2019
PubMed

12. 麻酔と呼吸機能

P.69 掲載の参考文献
1) Greenland JR, Michelow MD, Wang L et al:COVID-19 Infection:implications for perioperative and critical care physicians. Anesthesiology 132:1346-1361, 2020
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2) Meng L, Qiu H, Wan L et al:Intubation and ventilation amid the COVID-19 out-break:Wuhan's experience. Anesthesiol-ogy 132:1317-1332, 2020
 
3) Tran K, Cimon K, Severn M et al:Aerosol generating procedures and risk of trans-mission of acute respiratory infections to healthcare workers:a systematic review. PLoS One 7:e35797, 2012
 
4) Chen X, Liu Y, Gong Y et al:Periopera-tive management of patients infected with the novel coronavirus:recommendation from the Joint Task Force of the Chinese Society of Anesthesiology and the Chinese Association of Anesthesiologists. Anesthe-siology 132:1307-1316, 2020
 
5) Gattinoni L, Chiumello D, Caironi P et al:COVID-19 pneumonia:different respira-tory treatments for different phenotypes? Intensive Care Med 46:1099-1102, 2020
 
6) Gattinoni L, Chiumello D, Rossi S:CO-VID-19 pneumonia:ARDS or not? Crit Care 24:154, 2020
 
7) Marini JJ, Gattinoni L:Management of COVID-19 respiratory distress. JAMA 323:2329-2330, 2020
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8) Fan E, Beitler JR, Brochard L et al:COV-ID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome:is a different approach to man-agement warranted? Lancet Respir Med 8:816-821, 2020
 
9) Schmidt M, Pham T, Arcadipane A et al:Mechanical ventilation management dur-ing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome. An international multicenter prospective cohort. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 200:1002-1012, 2020
 
10) Gattinoni L, Tonetti T, Cressoni M et al:Ventilator-related causes of lung injury:the mechanical power. Intensive Care Med 42:1567-1575, 2016
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11) Ostberg E, Thorisson A, Enlund M et al:Positive end-expiratory pressure and postoperative atelectasis:a randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology 131:809-817, 2019
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12) Benoit Z, Wicky S, Fischer JF et al:The effect of increased FIO(2)before trache-al extubation on postoperative atelectasis. Anesth Analg 95:1777-1781, 2002
 
13) Domino KB:Pre-emergence oxygenation and postoperative atelectasis. Anesthesiol-ogy 131:771-773, 2019
 
14) Broens SJL, Boon M, Martini CH et al:Reversal of partial neuromuscular block and the ventilatory response to hypoxia:a randomized controlled trial in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology 131:467-476, 2019
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15) Pandit JJ, Eriksson LI:Reversing neu-romuscular blockade:not just the dia-phragm, but carotid body function too. Anesthesiology 131:453-455, 2019
 

13. 麻酔と心機能

P.74 掲載の参考文献
1) Ruetzler K, Khanna AK, Sessler DI:Myo-cardial injury after noncardiac surgery:preoperative, intraoperative, and postoper-ative aspects, implications, and directions. Anesth Analg 131:173-186, 2020
 
2) Ahuja S, Mascha EJ, Yang D et al:As-sociations of intraoperative radial arterial systolic, diastolic, mean, and pulse pres-sure with myocardial and acute kidney injury after noncardiac surgery:a retro-spective cohort analysis. Anesthesiology 132:291-306, 2020
 
3) Ngu JMC, Jabagi H, Chung AM et al:Defining an intraoperative hypotension threshold in association with de novo renal replacement therapy after cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 132:1447-1457, 2020
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4) Liem VGB, Hoek SE, Mol KHJM et al:Postoperative Hypotension after noncar-diac surgery and the association with myo-cardial injury. Anesthesiology 133:510-522, 2020
 
5) Khanna AK, Maheshwari K, Mao G et al:Association between mean arterial pres-sure and acute kidney injury and a com-posite of myocardial injury and mortality in postoperative critically ill patients:a retrospective cohort analysis. Crit Care Med 47:910-917, 2019
 
6) Abbott TEF, Pearse RM, Cuthbertson BH et al:Cardiac vagal dysfunction and myocardial injury after non-cardiac sur-gery:a planned secondary analysis of the measurement of exercise tolerance before surgery study. Br J Anaesth 122:188-197, 2019
 
7) May SM, Reyes A, Martir G et al:Ac-quired loss of cardiac vagal activity is as-sociated with myocardial injury in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery:prospec-tive observational mechanistic cohort study. Br J Anaesth 123:758-767, 2019
 
8) Lee SH, Kim JA, Heo B et al:Associa-tion between intraoperative hypotension and postoperative myocardial injury in patients with prior coronary stents under-going high-risk surgery:a retrospective study. J Anesth 34:257-267, 2020
 
9) Turan A, Leung S, Bajracharya GR et al:Acute postoperative pain is associated with myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 131:822-829, 2020
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10) Park J, Kim J, Lee SH et al:Postoperative statin treatment may be associated with improved mortality in patients with myo-cardial injury after noncardiac surgery. Sci Rep 10:11616, 2020
 
11) Lerman BJ, Popat RA, Assimes TL et al:Association between heart failure and postoperative mortality among patients undergoing ambulatory noncardiac sur-gery. JAMA Surg 154:907-914, 2019
 
12) Zhou Y, Liu L, Cheng T et al:Grade 3 echocardiographic diastolic dysfunction is associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events after sur-gery:a retrospective cohort study. Anesth Analg 129:651-658, 2019
 
13) Wu CN, Wu XH, Yu DN et al:A single-dose of stellate ganglion block for the prevention of postoperative dysrhythmias in patients undergoing thoracoscopic sur-gery for cancer:a randomized controlled double-blind trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 37:323-331, 2020
 
14) Flamee P, Varnavas V, Dewals W et al:Electrocardiographic effects of propofol versus etomidate in patients with Brugada syndrome. Anesthesiology 132:440-451, 2020
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14. 麻酔と冠循環

P.79 掲載の参考文献
1) Thuijs DJFM, Kappetein AP, Serruys PW et al:Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease:10-year follow-up of the multicentre randomised con-trolled SYNTAX trial. Lancet 394:1325-1334, 2019
 
2) Stone GW, Kappetein AP, Sabik JF et al:Five-year outcomes after PCI or CABG for left main coronary disease. N Engl J Med 381:1820-1830, 2019
 
3) Holm NR, Makikallio T, Lindsay MM et al:Percutaneous coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass grafting in the treatment of unprotected left main stenosis:updated 5-year outcomes from the randomised, non-inferiority NOBLE trial. Lancet 395:191-199, 2020
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4) Ahmad Y, Howard JP, Arnold AD et al:Mortality after drug-eluting stents vs. cor-onary artery bypass grafting for left main coronary artery disease:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J 41:3228-3235, 2020
 
5) Lee K, Ahn JM, Yoon YH et al:Long-term(10-year)outcomes of stenting or bypass surgery for left main coronary ar-tery disease in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. J Am Heart Assoc 9:e015372, 2020
 
6) Park DW, Ahn JM, Park H et al:Ten-Year Outcomes After Drug-Eluting Stents Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Left Main Coronary Disease:Extend-ed Follow-Up of the PRECOMBAT Trial. Circulation 141:1437-1446, 2020
 
7) Mehta SR, Wood DA, Storey RF et al:Complete revasculaization with multives-sel PCI for myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 381:1411-1421, 2019
 
8) Wood DA, Cairns JA, Wang J et al:Tim-ing of staged nonculprit artery revascular-ization in patients with ST-segment eleva-tion myocardial infarction:COMPLETE Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 74:2713-2723, 2019
 
9) Gershlick AH, Banning AS, Parker E et al:Long-term follow-up of complete ver-sus lesion-only revascularization in STEMI and multivessel disease:The CvLPRIT Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 74:3083-3094, 2019
 
10) Atti V, Gwon Y, Narayanan MA et al:Multivessel versus culprit-only revas-cularization in STEMI and multivessel coronary artery disease:meta-analysis of randomized trials. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 13:1571-1582, 2020
 
11) Kober L, Engstrom T:A more COM-PLETE picture of revascularization in STEMI. N Engl J Med 381:1472-1474, 2019
 
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14) Gaudino M, Chikwe J, Falk V et al:Trans-atlantic editorial:the use of multiple arte-rial grafts for coronary revascularization in Europe and North America. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 159:2254-2259, 2020
 
15) Samadashvili Z, Sundt TM 3rd, Wechsler A et al:Multiple versus single arterial coronary bypass graft surgery for mul-tivessel disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 74:1275-1285, 2019
 
16) Bakaeen FG, Ravichandren K, Blackstone EH et al:Coronary artery target selec-tion and survival after bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting. J Am Coll Cardiol 75:258-268, 2020
 
17) Benedetto U, Puskas J, Kappetein AP et al:Off-pump versus on-pump bypass sur-gery for left main coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 74:729-740, 2019
 
18) Raja SG, Garg S, Soni MK et al:On-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting for patients needing at least two grafts:comparative outcomes at 20 years. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 57:512-519, 2020
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19) Kirmani BH, Guo H, Ahmadyur O et al:Long-term survival following on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery:a propensity score-matched analysis. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 56:1147-1153, 2019
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20) Moreno PR, Stone GW, Gonzalez-Lengua CA et al:The hybrid coronary approach for optimal revascularization:JACC re-view topic of the week. J Am Coll Cardiol 76:321-333, 2020
 
21) Leyvi G, Dabas A, Leff JD:Hybrid coro-nary revascularization-current state of the art. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 33:3437-3445, 2019
 
22) Hage A, Giambruno V, Jones P et al:Hy-brid coronary revascularization versus off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting:comparative effectiveness analysis with long-term follow-up. J Am Heart Assoc 8:e014204, 2019
 
23) Maron DJ, Hochman JS, Reynolds HR et al:Initial invasive or conservative strat-egy for stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 382:1395-1407, 2020
 
24) Bangalore S, Maron DJ, O'Brien SM et al:Management of coronary disease in patients with advanced kidney disease. N Engl J Med 382:1608-1618, 2020
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25) Chacko L, Howard JP, Rajkumar C et al:Effects of percutaneous coronary interven-tion on death and myocardial infarction stratified by stable and unstable coronary artery disease:a meta-analysis of ran-domized controlled trials. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 13:e006363, 2020
 
26) Nallamothu BK:The ISCHEMIA trial meets the Rashomon effect:lessons for clinical practice. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Out-comes 13:e006527, 2020
 
27) Elbadawi A, Elgendy IY, Mahmoud K et al:Temporal trends and outcomes of mechanical complications in patients with acute myocardial infarction. JACC Cardio-vasc Interv 12:1825-1836, 2019
 
28) Mehran R, Baber U, Sharma SK et al:Ticagrelor with or without aspirin in high-risk patients after PCI. N Engl J Med 381:2032-2042, 2019
 
29) Dangas G, Baber U, Sharma S et al:Ticagrelor with or without aspirin after complex PCI. J Am Coll Cardiol 75:2414-2424, 2020
 
30) Takahashi K, Serruys PW, Chichareon P et al:Efficacy and safety of ticagrelor monotherapy in patients undergoing mul-tivessel PCI. J Am Coll Cardiol 74:2015-2027, 2019
 
31) Serruys PW, Takahashi K, Chichareon P et al:Twilight, the dawn of a new era of aspirin-free PCI? J Am Coll Cardiol 75:2425-2429, 2020
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15. 麻酔と肝機能

P.85 掲載の参考文献
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2) van Limmen J, Wyffels P, Berrevoet F et al:Effects of propofol and sevoflurane on hepatic blood flow:a randomized con-trolled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 20:241, 2020
 
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4) Edelson J, Suarez AL, Zhang J et al:Seda-tion during endoscopy in patients with cir-rhosis:safety and predictors of adverse events. Dig Dis Sci 65:1258-1265, 2020
 
5) Yu L, Sun H, Jin H et al:The effect of low central venous pressure on hepatic surgi-cal field bleeding and serum lactate in pa-tients undergoing partial hepatectomy:a prospective randomized controlled trial. BMC Surg 20:25, 2020
 
6) O'Connor DC, Seier K, Gonen M et al:Invasive central venous monitoring during hepatic resection:unnecessary for most patients. HPB(Oxford)22:1732-1737, 2020
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7) Bluthner E, Jara M, Shrestha R et al:Fu-ture liver remnant function as a predictor of postoperative morbidity following liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma-a risk factor analysis. Surgical Oncol 33:257-265, 2020
 
8) Giustiniano E, Procopio F, Morenghi E et al:Renal resistive index as a predictor of postoperative complications in liver resec-tion surgery. Observational study. J Clin Monit Comput, 2020 doi:10.1007/s10877-020-00529-4[online ahead of print]
 
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11) Zhang Y, Liu M, Yang Y et al:Dexme-detomidine exerts a protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury after hepa-tectomy:a prospective, randomized, con-trolled study. J Clin Anesth 61:109631, 2020
 
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13) Zhang J, Liu T, Zhou H et al:The safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided bilateral dual transversus abdominis plane(BD-TAP)block in ERAS program of laparo-scopic hepatectomy:a prospective, ran-domized, controlled, blinded, clinical study. Drug Des Devel Ther 14:2889-2898, 2020
 
14) Kang R, Chin KJ, Gwak MS et al:Bilateral single-injection erector spinae plane block versus intrathecal morphine for postopera-tive analgesia in living donor laparoscopic hepatectomy:a randomized non-inferior-ity trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med 44:1059-1065, 2019
 
15) Han J, Fan YC, Wang K:Radiofrequency ablation versus microwave ablation for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma:A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine(Baltimore) 99:e22703, 2020
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16) Wang J, Yuan X, Guo W et al:Sedation and analgesia for liver cancer percutane-ous radiofrequency ablation:fentanyl and oxycodone comparison. Int J Med Sci 17:2194-2199, 2020
 
17) Park J, Choi JH, Choi HJ et al:Predictive role of vitamin B12 in acute kidney injury in living donor liver transplantation:a propensity score matching analysis. BMJ Open 10:e038990, 2020
 
18) Wang CH, Tsai CE, Cheng KW et al:Anesthetic fluid management of patients with hyponatremia undergoing living do-nor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 52:1798-1801, 2020
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19) Weinberg L, Lee DK, Koshy AN et al:Potassium levels after liver reperfusion in adult patients undergoing cadaveric liver transplantation:a retrospective cohort study. Ann Med Surg(Lond)55:111-118, 2020
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20) Lee H, Yang SM, Chung J et al:Effect of perioperative low-dose dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium after living-donor liver transplantation:a randomized controlled trial. Transplant Proc 52:239-245, 2020
 

16. 麻酔と腎機能

P.90 掲載の参考文献
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3) Hoste EAJ, Kellum JA, Selby NM et al:Global epidemiology and outcomes of acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Nephrol 14:607-625, 2018
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4) Schunk SJ, Zarbock A, Meersch M et al:Association between urinary dickkopf-3, acute kidney injury, and subsequent loss of kidney function in patients undergoing cardiac surgery:an observational cohort study. Lancet 394:488-496, 2019
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5) Sessler DI, Bloomstone JA, Aronson S et al:Perioperative quality initiative con-sensus statement on intraoperative blood pressure, risk and outcomes for elective surgery. Br J Anaesth 122:563-574, 2019
 
6) Mathis MR, Naik BI, Freundlich RE et al:Preoperative risk and the association between hypotension and postoperative acute kidney injury. Anesthesiology 132:461-475, 2020
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7) Park S, Lee HC, Jung CW et al:Intraop-erative arterial pressure variability and postoperative acute kidney injury. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 15:35-46, 2020
 
8) Wong PC, Li Z, Guo J et al:Pathophysiol-ogy of contrast-induced nephropathy. Int J Cardiol 158:186-192, 2012
 
9) STARSurg Collaborative:Perioperative intravenous contrast administration and the incidence of acute kidney injury after major gastrointestinal surgery:prospec-tive, multicentre cohort study. Br J Surg 107:1023-1032, 2020
 
10) Dikmen B, Yagmurdur H, Akgul T et al:Preventive effects of propofol and ket-amine on renal injury in cureteral obstruc-tion. J Anesth 24:73-80, 2010
 
11) Runzer TD, Ansley DM, Godin DV et al:Tissue antioxidant capacity duringanesthesia:propofol enhances in vivo red cell and tissue antioxidant capacity in a rat model. Anesth Analg 94:89-93, 2002. table of contents.
 
12) Oh TK, Kim J, Han S et al:Effect of sevo-flurane-based or propofol-based anaesthe-sia on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury:a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis. Eur J Anaesthe-siol 36:649-655, 2019
 
13) Bonanni A, Signori A, Alicino C et al:Volatile anesthetics versus propofol for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary by-pass:meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesthesiology 132:1429-1446, 2020
 
14) Slagelse C, Gammelager H, Iversen LH et al:Renin-angiotensin system blocker use and the risk of acute kidney injury after colorectal cancer surgery:a population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 9:e032964, 2019
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15) Slagelse C, Gammelager H, Iversen LH et al:Renin-angiotensin system block-ers and 1-year mortality in patients with post-operative acute kidney injury. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 64:1262-1269, 2020
 
16) Meersch M, Schmidt C, Hoffmeier A et al:Prevention of cardiac surgery-asso-ciated AKI by implementing the KDIGO guidelines in high risk patients identified by biomarkers:the PrevAKI randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 43:1551-1561, 2017
 
17) Gocze I, Jauch D, Gotz M et al:Biomark-er-guided intervention to prevent acute kidney injury after major surgery:the prospective randomized BigpAK study. Ann Surg 267:1013-1020, 2018
 
18) Kullmar M, Weiss R, Ostermann M et al:A multinational observational study exploring adherence with the Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes rec-ommendations for prevention of acute kid-ney injury after cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 130:910-916, 2020
 

17. 麻酔と脳神経機能

P.95 掲載の参考文献
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2) Nir T, Or-Borichev A, Izraitel E et al:Transient subcortical functional connectiv-ity upon emergence from propofol seda-tion in human male volunteers:evidence for active emergence. Br J Anaesth 123:298-308, 2019
 
3) Sleigh J, Warnaby CE:Finding the start-er motor for the engine of consciousness. Br J Anaesth 123:259-261, 2019
 
4) Huang Y, Hu K, Green AL et al:Dynamic changes in rhythmic and arrhythmic neu-ral signatures in the subthalamic nucleus induced by anaesthesia and tracheal intu-bation. Br J Anaesth 125:67-76, 2020
 
5) Sleigh J, Pullon RM, Vlisides PE et al:Electroencephalographic slow wave dy-namics and loss of behavioural responsive-ness induced by ketamine in human volun-teers. Br J Anaesth 123:592-600, 2019
 
6) Pelentritou A, Kuhlmann L, Cormack J et al:Source-level cortical power changes for xenon and nitrous oxide-induced re-ductions in consciousness in healthy male volunteers. Anesthesiology 132:1017-1033, 2020
 
7) Vutskits L, Culley DJ:GAS, PANDA, and MASK:No evidence of clinical anesthetic neurotoxicity! Anesthesiology 131:762-764, 2019
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8) Banerjee P, Rossi MG, Anghelescu DL et al:Association between anesthesia expo-sure and neurocognitive and neuroimag-ing outcomes in long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. JAMA Oncol 5:1456-1463, 2019
 
9) Sprung J, Warner DO, Knopman DS et al:Exposure to surgery with general an-aesthesia during adult life is not associated with increased brain amyloid deposition in older adults. Br J Anaesth 124:594-602, 2020
 
10) Walker KA, Gottesman RF, Coresh J et al:Association of surgical hospitalization with brain amyloid deposition:the ath-erosclerosis risk in communities-positron emission tomography(ARIC-PET)study. Anesthesiology 132:1407-1418, 2020
 
11) Neuro VI:Perioperative covert stroke in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery(NeuroVISION):a prospective cohort study. Lancet 394:1022-1029, 2019
 
12) Man S, Xian Y, Holmes DN et al:Associa-tion between thrombolytic door-to-needle time and 1-year mortality and readmission in patients with acute ischemic stroke. JAMA 323:2170-2184, 2020
 
13) Mahanna-Gabrielli E, Zhang K, Sieber FE et al:Frailty is associated with postopera-tive delirium but not with postoperative cognitive decline in older noncardiac sur-gery patients. Anesth Analg 130:1516-1523, 2020
 
14) Aucoin SD, Hao M, Sohi R et al:Accuracy and feasibility of clinically applied frailty instruments before surgery:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesthesiology 133:78-95, 2020
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15) Danielson M, Wiklund A, Granath F et al:Neuroinflammatory markers associate with cognitive decline after major surgery:findings of an explorative study. Ann Neu-rol 87:370-382, 2020
 
16) Daiello LA, Racine AM, Yun Gou R et al:Postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction:overlap and diver-gence. Anesthesiology 131:477-491, 2019
 
17) Shi Z, Mei X, Li C et al:Postoperative de-lirium is associated with long-term decline in activities of daily living. Anesthesiology 131:492-500, 2019
 
18) Rood PJT, Zegers M, Slooter AJC et al:Prophylactic haloperidol effects on long-term quality of life in critically ill patients at high risk for delirium:results of the REDUCE study. Anesthesiology 131:328-335, 2019
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19) Gual N, Garcia-Salmones M, Britez L et al:The role of physical exercise and re-habilitation in delirium. Eur Geriatr Med 11:83-93, 2020
 
20) O'Gara BP, Mueller A, Gasangwa DVI et al:Prevention of early postoperative de-cline:a randomized, controlled feasibility trial of perioperative cognitive training. Anesth Analg 130:586-595, 2020
 

18. 麻酔薬と臓器保護作用

P.100 掲載の参考文献
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3) Bonanni A, Signori A, Alicino C et al:Volatile anesthetics versus propofol for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary by-pass:meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesthesiology 132:1429-1446, 2020
 
4) Gao J, Sun Z, Xiao Z et al:Dexmedeto-midine modulates neuroinflammation and improves outcome via alpha2-adrenergic receptor signaling after rat spinal cord injury. Br J Anaesth 123:827-838, 2019
 
5) Koziakova M, Harris K, Edge CJ et al:Noble gas neuroprotection:xenon andargon protect against hypoxic-ischaemic injury in rat hippocampus in vitro via dis-tinct mechanism. Br J Anaesth 123:601-609, 2019
 
6) Tong D, Godale CM, Kadakia FK et al:Immature murine hippocampal neurones do not develop long-term structural changes after a single isoflurane exposure. Br J Anaesth 123:818-826, 2019
 
7) Liu X, Cao L, Zhang T et al:Effect of re-mote ischemic preconditioning in patients undergoing hepatectomy with portal triad clamping:a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 129:1742-1748, 2019
 
8) Ma J, Chen Q, Li J et al:Dexmedetomi-dine-mediated prevention of renal isch-emia-reperfusion injury depends in part on cholinergic anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Anesth Analg 130:1054-1062, 2020
 
9) Soh S, Shim JK, Song JW et al:Effect of dexmedetomidine on acute kidney injury after aortic surgery:a single-centre, placebo-controlled, randomised controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 124:386-394, 2020
 
10) Peng K, Li D, Applegate RL 2nd et al:Effect of dexmedetomidine on cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury:a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Cardio-thorac Vasc Anesth 34:603-613, 2020
 
11) Zwaag J, Beunders R, Warle MC et al:Remote ischaemic preconditioning does not modulate the systemic inflammatory response or renal tubular stress biomark-ers after endotoxaemia in healthy human volunteers:a single-centre, mechanistic, randomised controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 123:177-185, 2019
 
12) Veighey KV, Nicholas JM, Clayton T:Early remote ischaemic preconditioning leads to sustained improvement in al-lograft function after live donor kidney transplantation:long-term outcomes in the REnal Protection Against Ischaemia-Reperfusion in transplantation(REPAIR)randomized trial. Br J Anaesth 123:584-591, 2019
 
13) Gerber TJ, Fehr VCO, Oliveira SDS:Sevoflurane promotes bactericidal proper-ties of macrophages through enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in male mice. Anesthesiology 131:1301-1315, 2019
 
14) Wang K, Wu M, Xu J et al:Effects of dexmedetomidine on perioperative stress, inflammation, and immune function:systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 123:777-794, 2019
 

19. 麻酔深度とモニター活用法

P.105 掲載の参考文献
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2) Gross T, Feliot E, Gayat E et al:Bispec-tral index during maintenance of total intravenous anesthesia:frequency of out of recommended range and impact of patients' characteristics:a brief report. Anesth Analg 131:e52-e54, 2020
 
3) Shortal BP, Hickman LB, Mak-McCully RA et al:Duration of EEG suppression does not predict recovery time or degree of cognitive impairment after general anaes-thesia in human volunteers. Br J Anaesth 123:206-218, 2019
 
4) Bocskai T, Kovacs M, Szakacs Z et al:Is the bispectral index monitoring protective against postoperative cognitive decline? A systematic review with meta-analysis. PLoS One 15:e0229018, 2020
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5) Chan MTV, Hedrick TL, Egan TD et al:American Society for Enhanced Recovery and Perioperative Quality Initiative joint consensus statement on the role of neuro-monitoring in perioperative outcomes:electroencephalography. Anesth Analg 130:1278-1291, 2020
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6) Sun Y, Ye F, Wang J et al:Electroen-cephalography-guided anesthetic delivery for preventing postoperative delirium in adults:an updated meta-analysis. Anesth Analg 131:712-719, 2020
 
7) Fritz BA, King CR, Abdallah AB et al:Preoperative cognitive abnormality, in-traoperative electroencephalogram sup-pression, and postoperative delirium:a mediation analysis. Anesthesiology 132:1458-1468, 2020
 
8) Tanabe S, Mohanty R, Lindroth H et al:Cohort study into the neural correlates of postoperative delirium:the role of connectivity and slow-wave activity. Br J Anaesth 125:55-66, 2020
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9) Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, Fawcett LJ et al:Bispectral index for improving intra-operative awareness and early postopera-tive recovery in adults. Cochrane Data-base Syst Rev 9:CD003843, 2019
 
10) Puchner WF, Dunser MW, Paulus P et al:A comparative study on adequate anesthesia depth:clinical judgement and the Narcotrend(R) measurement. Can J An-aesth 67:664-673, 2020
 
11) Dahaba AA:Benefits and boundaries of processed electroencephalography(pEEG)monitors when they do not concur with standard anesthetic clinical monitoring:lights and shadows. Minerva Anestesiol 86:304-316, 2020
 
12) Bombardieri AM, Wildes TS, Stevens T et al:Practical training of anesthesia clinicians in electroencephalogram-based determination of hypnotic depth of general anesthesia. Anesth Analg 130:777-786, 2020
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13) Ramaswamy SM, Kuizenga MH, Weerink MAS et al:Novel drug-independent seda-tion level estimation based on machine learning of quantitative frontal electroen-cephalogram features in healthy volun-teers. Br J Anaesth 123:479-487, 2019
 
14) Nagaraj SB, Ramaswamy SM, Weerink MAS et al:Predicting deep hypnotic state from sleep brain rhythms using deep learning:a data-repurposing approach. Anesth Analg 130:1211-1221, 2020
 
15) Lee HC, Ryu HG, Park Y et al:Data driven investigation of bispectral index algorithm. Sci Rep 24:13769, 2019
 
16) Kreuzer M, Stern MA, Hight D et al:Spectral and entropic features are altered by age in the electroencephalogram in patients under sevoflurane anesthesia. An-esthesiology 132:1003-1016, 2020
 
17) Huang Y, Hu K, Green AL et al:Dynamic changes in rhythmic and arrhythmic neu-ral signatures in the subthalamic nucleus induced by anaesthesia and tracheal intu-bation. Br J Anaesth 125:67-76, 2020
 
18) Yuan I, Landis WP, Topjian AA et al:Prevalence of isoelectric electroencepha-lography events in infants and young children undergoing general anesthesia. Anesth Analg 130:462-471, 2020
 
19) Chao JY, Legatt AD, Yazawitz EG et al:Electroencephalographic findings and clin-ical behavior during induction of anesthe-sia with sevoflurane in human infants:a prospective observational study. Anesth Analg 130:e161-e164, 2020
 
20) Park HS, Kim YS, Kim SH et al:Compari-son of electroencephalogram between pro-pofol- and thiopental-induced anesthesia for awareness risk in pregnant women. Sci Rep 10:6192, 2020
 

20. 麻酔領域での経食道心エコー ( TEE ) による評価

P.111 掲載の参考文献
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2) Puchalski MD, Lui GK, Miller-Hance WC et al:Guidelines for performing a com-prehensive transesophageal echocardio-graphic:examination in children and all patients with congenital heart disease:recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 32:173-215, 2019
 
3) Rupp SM, Apfelbaum JL, Blitt C et al:Practice guidelines for central venous ac-cess:a report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Central Venous Access. Anesthesiology 116:539-573, 2012
 
4) Kunst G, Milojevic M, Boer C et al:2019 EACTS/EACTA/EBCP guidelines on cardiopulmonary bypass in adult cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 123:713-757, 2019
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5) Kirkpatrick JN, Mitchell C, Taub C et al:ASE statement on protection of patients and echocardiography service providers during the 2019 novel coronavirus out-break:endorsed by the American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 75:3078-3084, 2020
 
6) Barker PCA, Lewin MB, Donofrio MT et al:Specific considerations for pediatric, fetal, and congenital heart disease patients and echocardiography service providersduring the 2019 novel coronavirus out-break:council on pediatric and congenital heart disease supplement to the statement of the American Society of Echocardiogra-phy:endorsed by the Society of Pediatric Echocardiography and the Fetal Heart Society. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 33:658-665, 2020
 
7) Nicoara A, Maldonado Y, Kort S et al:Specific considerations for the protection of patients and echocardiography service providers when performing periopera-tive or periprocedural transesophageal echocardiography during the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak:council on periop-erative echocardiography supplement to the statement of the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the Soci-ety of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 33:666-669, 2020
 
8) He Y, Wei J, Bian J et al:Chinese Society of Anesthesiology expert consensus on anesthetic management of cardiac surgical patients with suspected or confirmed coro-navirus disease 2019. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:1397-1401, 2020
 
9) Griffee MJ, Zimmerman JM, McKellar SH et al:Echocardiography-guided dual-lumen venovenous extracorporeal mem-brane oxygenation cannula placement in the ICU-A retrospective review. J Cardio-thorac Vasc Anesth 34:698-705, 2020
 
10) Gosling AF, Thalappillil R, Ortoleva J et al:Automated spectral doppler profile tracing. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:72-76, 2020
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11) Liu S, Bose R, Ahmed A et al:Artificial intelligence-based assessment of indices of right ventricular function. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:2698-2702, 2020
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12) Joshi S, Choudhury A, Magoon R et al:Transesophageal echocardiographic esti-mation of coronary sinus blood flow for predicting favorable postoperative transit time coronary graft flow measurements:a pilot study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:58-64, 2020
 
13) Karamnov S, Burbano-Vera N, Shook DC et al:A novel 3-dimensional approach for the echocardiographic evaluation of mitral valve area after repair for degenerative disease. Anesth Analg 130:300-306, 2020
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14) Yahagi M, Maeda T, Kanazawa H et al:Transesophageal echocardiography in robot-assisted mitral valve repair for Bar-low's disease:usefulness for predicting artificial ring size and artificial chordae length using the loop technique. JA Clin Rep 6:56, 2020
 
15) Roberts SM, Klick J, Fischl A et al:A Comparison of transesophageal to trans-thoracic echocardiographic measures of right ventricular function. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:1252-1259, 2020
 
16) Mauermann E, Vandenheuvel M, Francois K et al:Right ventricular systolic assess-ment by transesophageal versus transtho-racic echocardiography:displacement, velocity, and myocardial deformation. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:2152-2161, 2020
 
17) Silverton NA, Lee JP, Morrissey CK et al:Regional versus global measurements of right ventricular strain performed in the operating room with transesophageal echocardiography. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:48-57, 2020
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20) Staudt GE, Shelton K:Development of a rescue echocardiography protocol for noncardiac surgery patients. Anesth Analg 129:e37-e40, 2019
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22) Weber U, Zapletal B, Base E et al:Resi-dent performance in basic perioperative transesophageal echocardiography:com-paring 3 teaching methods in a random-ized controlled trial. Medicine(Baltimore) 98:e17072, 2019
 
23) Thampi S, Lee CCM, Agrawal RV et al:Ideal sequence of didactic lectures and simulation in teaching transesophageal echocardiography among anesthesiolo-gists. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:1244-1249, 2020
 
24) Rehfeldt KH, Renew JR, Subramanian A et al:The safety and feasibility of trans-esophageal echocardiography in patients with esophageal stricture. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:1846-1852, 2020
 
25) Dieleman JM, Myles PS, Bulfone L et al:Cost-effectiveness of routine transoesopha-geal echocardiography during cardiac sur-gery:a discrete-event simulation study. Br J Anaesth 124:136-145, 2020
 

21. 超音波診断と末梢神経ブロック

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13) Ochroch J, Qi V, Badiola I et al:Analgesic efficacy of adding the IPACK block to amultimodal analgesia protocol for primary total knee arthroplasty. Reg Anesth Pain Med 45:799-804, 2020
 
14) Kampitak W, Tanavalee A, Ngarmukos S et al:Motor-sparing effect of iPACK(interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee)block versus tibial nerve block after total knee arthroplasty:a randomized controlled trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med 45:267-276, 2020
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22. 周術期ポイントオブケア超音波～ABCD sonography～

P.123 掲載の参考文献
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17) Denault AY, Delisle S, Canty D et al:A proposed lung ultrasound and phenotypic algorithm for the care of COVID-19 pa-tients with acute respiratory failure. Can J Anaesth 67:1393-1404, 2020
 
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21) Khattab E, Hoffmann B, Schafer J et al:Examiner position in ocular point-of-care ul-trasound:a proposed technique. J Emerg Med 56:684-686, 2019
 
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23. 輸血と輸液

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13) Rassi AB, d'Amico EA, Tripodi A et al:Fresh frozen plasma transfusion in pa-tients with cirrhosis and coagulopathy:effect on conventional coagulation tests and thrombomodulin-modified thrombin generation. J Hepatol 72:85-94, 2020
 
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24. 宗教的輸血拒否

P.134 掲載の参考文献
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25. 危機的出血への対応

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8) Chinn JJ, Eisenberg E, Dickerson SA et al:Maternal mortality in the United States:research gaps, opportunities, and priorities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 223:486-492, 2020
 
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26. 希釈式自己血輸血

P.143 掲載の参考文献
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27. 全静脈麻酔 ( TIVA ), 鎮静 ( MAC )

P.148 掲載の参考文献
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6) Preethi J, Bidkar PU, Cherian A et al:Comparison of total intravenous anesthe-sia vs. inhalational anesthesia on brain relaxation, intracranial pressure, and hemodynamics in patients with acute sub-dural hematoma undergoing emergency craniotomy:a randomized control trial. Eur Trauma Emerg Surg, 2019 doi:10.1007/s00068-019-01249-4[online aheadof print]
 
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13) Huppe T, Maurer F, Sessler DI et al:Ret-rospective comparison of Eleveld, Marsh, and Schnider propofol pharmacokinetic models in 50 patients. Br J Anaesth 124:e22-e24, 2020
 
14) Weerink MAS, Barends CRM, Muskiet ERR et al:Pharmacodynamic interaction of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine on depth of sedation and tolerance of laryn-goscopy. Anesthesiology 131:1004-1017, 2019
 
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17) Green SM, Leroy PL, Roback MG et al:An international multidisciplinary consen-sus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children. Anaesthe-sia 75:374-385, 2020
 
18) Boulos NM, Burton BN, Carter D et al:Monitored anesthesia care is associated with a decrease in morbidity after endo-vascular angioplasty in aortoiliac disease. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:2440-2445, 2020
 
19) Burton BN, Finneran Iv JJ, Harris KK et al:Association of primary anesthesia type with postoperative adverse events after transcarotid artery revascularization. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:136-142, 2020
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28. 手術室危機管理・安全対策

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3) El-Boghdadly K, Wong DJN, Owen R et al:Risks to healthcare workers follow-ing tracheal intubation of patients with COVID-19:a prospective international multicentre cohort study. Anaesthesia 75:1437-1447, 2020
 
4) de Leeuw RA, Burger NB, Ceccaroni M et al:COVID-19 and laparoscopic surgery:scoping review of current literature and local expertise. JMIR Public Health Sur-veill 6:e18928, 2020
 
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7) Yao W, Wang T, Jiang B et al:Emer-gency tracheal intubation in 202 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China:lessons learnt and international expert recom-mendations. Br J Anaesth 125:e28-e37, 2020
 
8) Matava CT, Kovatsis PG, Summers JL et al:Pediatric airway management in coro-navirus disease 2019 patients:consensus guidelines from the society for pediatric anesthesia's pediatric difficult intubation collaborative and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society. Anesth Analg 131:61-73, 2020
 
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12) Zhong Q, Liu YY, Luo Q et al:Spinal anaesthesia for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and possible transmission rates in anaesthetists:retrospective, single- centre, observational cohort study. Br J Anaesth 124:670-675, 2020
 
13) Chen H, Guo J, Wang C et al:Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infec-tion in nine pregnant women:a retro-spective review of medical records. Lancet 395:809-815, 2020
 
14) Limchantra IV, Fong Y, Melstrom KA:Surgical smoke exposure in operating room personnel:a review. JAMA Surg 154:960-967, 2019
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29. WHO 安全な手術のためのガイドライン

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4) Storesund A, Haugen AS, Flaatten H et al:Clinical efficacy of combined surgi-cal patient safety system and the World Health Organization's Checklists in surgery:a nonrandomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 155:562-570, 2020
 
5) Lee SC, Atkinson ME, Minard CG et al:Electronic tool helps anaesthesia train-ee handovers. Clin Teach 16:58-63, 2019
 
6) Delisle M, Pradarelli JC, Panda N et al:Variation in global uptake of the surgical safety checklist. Br J Surg 107:e151-160, 2020
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8) Hellar A, Tibyehabwa L, Ernest E et al:A team-based approach to introduce and sustain the use of the WHO surgical safety checklist in Tanzania. World J Surg 44:689-695, 2020
 
9) Haugen AS, Softeland E, Sevdalis N et al:Impact of the Norwegian national patient safety program on implementation of the WHO surgical safety checklist and on peri-operative safety culture. BMJ Open Qual 9:e000966, 2020
 
10) Healey A, Softeland E, Harthug S et al:A health economic evaluation of the World Health Organization surgical safety check-list:a single center assessment. Ann Surg doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000004300, 2020[online ahead of print]
 
11) El-Shafei AMH, Ibrahim SY, Tawfik AM et al:World Health Organization surgical safety checklist with addition of infec-tion control items:intervention study in Egypt. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 7:3691-3697, 2019
 
12) Valika TS, Maurrasse SE, Thompson DM:A guiding principles checklist for otolar-yngologic surgery in the COVID-19 Era. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 163:699-701, 2020
 
13) Portugal LG, Adams DR, Baroody FM et al:A surgical safety checklist forperforming tracheotomy in patients with coronavirus disease 19. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 163:42-6, 2020
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14) Huang J, Liu X, Wu Z et al:Improv-ing staff safety with checklists during novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic:a quasi-experiment study in vascular surgical department. Medicine(Baltimore) 99:e21548, 2020
 

30. 硬膜外麻酔と脊髄くも膜下麻酔

P.162 掲載の参考文献
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2) Hausken J, Fretland AA, Edwin B et al:Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia versu thoracic epidural analgesia after open liver surgery:a prospective ran-domized, controlled, noniferiority trial. Ann Surg 270:193-199, 2019
 
3) Li J, Pourrahmat MM, Vasilyeva E et al:Efficacy and safety of patient-controlled analgesia compared with epidural an-algesia after open hepatic resection:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg 270:200-208, 2019
 
4) Wang J, Yin Y, Zhu Y et al:Thoracic epi-dural anaesthesia and analgesia amelio-rates surgery-induced stress response and postoperative pain in patients undergoing radical oesophagectomy. J Int Med Res 47:6160-6170, 2019
 
5) Klotz R, Larmann J, Klose C et al:Gastrointestinal complications after pancreatoduodenectomy with epidural vs patient-controlled intravenous anal-gesia:a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 155:617-623, 2020
 
6) Memtsoudis SG, Cozowicz C, Bekeris J et al:Anaesthetic care of patients undergo-ing primary hip and knee arthroplasty:consensus recommendations from the International Consensus on Anaesthesia-Related Outcomes after Surgery group(ICAROS)based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 123:269-287, 2019
 
7) Johnson RL, Frank RD, Habermann EBet al:Neuraxial anesthesia is associated with improved survival after total joint ar-throplasty depending on frailty:a cohort study. Reg Anesth Pain Med 45:405-411, 2020
 
8) Chen DX, Yang L, Ding L et al:Peri-operative outcomes in geriatric patients undergoing hip fracture surgery with differ-ent anesthesia techniques:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine(Balti-more) 98:e18220, 2019
 
9) Sondekoppam RV, Uppal V, Brookes J et al:Bilateral thoracic paravertebral blocks compared to thoracic epidural analgesia after midline laparotomy:a pragmatic noninferiority clinical trial. Anesth Analg 129:855-863, 2019
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10) Qin C, Liu Y, Xiong J et al:The analgesic efficacy compared ultrasound-guided con-tinuous transverse abdominis plane block with epidural analgesia following abdomi-nal surgery:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Anesthesiol 20:52, 2020
 
11) Xu YJ, Sun X, Jiang H et al:Randomized clinical trial of continuous transversus abdominis plane block, epidural or patient-controlled analgesia for patients undergo-ing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. Br J Surg 107:e133-e141, 2020
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12) Oksuz G, Arslan M, Urfalioglu A et al:Comparison of quadratus lumborum block and caudal block for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergo-ing inguinal hernia repair and orchiopexy surgeries:a randomized controlled trial. Reg Anesthe Pain Med 45:187-191, 2020
 
13) Park SK, Yoo S, Kim WH et al:Ultra-sound-assisted vs. landmark- guided para-median spinal anaesthesia in the elderly:a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaes-thesiol 36:763-771, 2019
 
14) Park SK, Bae J, Yoo S et al:Ultrasound-assisted versu landmark-guided spinal an-esthesia in patients with abnormal spinal anatomy:a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 130:787-795, 2020
 
15) Rizk MS, Zeeni CA, Bouez JN et al:Pre-procedural ultrasound versus landmark techniques for spinal anesthesia per-formed by novice residents in elderly:a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anes-thesiol 19:208, 2019
 
16) Bae J, Park SK, Yoo S et al:Influence of age, laterality, patient position, and spinal level on the interlamina space for spinal puncture. Reg Aneth Pain Med 45:27-31, 2020
 
17) Ghisi D, Tomasi M, Giannone S et al:A randomized comparison between Accuro and palpation-guided spinal anesthesia for obese patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Reg Aneth Pain Med 45:63-66, 2020
 
18) Jiang L, Zang F, Wei N et al:Could pre-procedural ultrasound increase the first-pass success rate of neuraxial anesthesia in obstetrica? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Anesth 34:434-444, 2020
 
19) Karaca O, Pinar HU, Gokmen Z et al:Ultrasound-guided versus conventional caudal block in children:a prospective randomized study. Eur J Pediatr Sur 29:533-538, 2019
 
20) Gebhard RE, Moeller-Bertram T, Dobecki D et al:Objective epidural space identi-fication using continuous real-time pres-sure sensing technology:a randomized controlled comparison with fluoroscopy and traditional loss of resistance. Anesth Analg 129:1319-1327, 2019
 
21) Kim H:Correlation between gestational age and level of sensory block in spinal anesthesia. Reg Aneth Pain Med 44:793-795, 2019
 

31. 小児麻酔

P.167 掲載の参考文献
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2) Vanlinthout LE, Geniets B, Driessen JJ et al:Neuromuscular-blocking agents for tracheal intubation in pediatric patients(0-12 years):a systematic review and meta-analysis. Paediatr Anaesth 30:401-414, 2020
 
3) Templeton TW, Goenaga-Diaz EJ, Dow-nard MG et al:Assessment of Common Criteria for Awake Extubation in Infants and Young Children. Anesthesiology 131:801-808, 2019
 
4) Erb TO, Daniel Trachsel D, von Ungern-Sternberg BS:Laryngeal reflex responses in pediatric anesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth 30:353-361, 2020
 
5) Ferrari LR, Leahy I, Staffa SJ et al:One size does not fit all:a perspective on the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification for Pediatric Patients. Anesth Analg 130:1685-1692, 2020
 
6) Leahy I, Berry JG, Johnson CJ et al:Does the current American Society of An-esthesiologists physical status classifica-tion represent the chronic disease burden in children undergoing general anesthe-sia? Anesth Analg 129:1175-1180, 2019
 
7) Valencia E, Staffa SJ, Faraoni D et al:Prospective external validation of the pe-diatric risk assessment score in predicting perioperative mortality in children under-going noncardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 129:1014-1020, 2019
 
8) Green SM, Leroy PL, Roback MG et al:An international multidisciplinary consen-sus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children. Anaesthe-sia 75, 374-385, 2020
 
9) Joo EY, Kim YJ, Park YS et al:Intramus-cular dexmedetomidine and oral chloral hydrate for pediatric sedation for elec-troencephalography:a propensity score-matched analysis. Paediatr Anaesth 30:584-591, 2020
 
10) Jang YE, Ji SH, Kim EH et al:Subcu-taneous nitroglycerin for radial arterial catheterization in pediatric patients:a randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiol-ogy 133:53-63, 2020
 
11) Jang YE, Kim EH, Lee JH et al:Guide-wire-assisted vs. direct radial arterial cannulation in neonates and infants:a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaes-thesiol 36:738-744, 2019
 
12) Quan Z, Zhang L, Zhou C et al:Acoustic shadowing facilitates ultrasound- guided radial artery cannulation in young chil-dren. Anesthesiology 131:1018-1024, 2019
 
13) Mostafa SF, Abdelghany MS, Abdelra-heem TM et al:Ultrasound-guided erec-tor spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing splenectomy:a prospective randomized controlled trial. Paediatr Anaesth 29:1201-1207, 2019
 
14) Oksuz G, Arslan M, Urfalioglu A et al:Comparison of quadratus lumborum block and caudal block for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergo-ing inguinal hernia repair and orchiopexy surgeries:a randomized controlled trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med 45:187-191, 2020
 
15) Aksu C, Akay MA, Sen MC et al:Ultra-sound-guided dorsal penile nerve block vs neurostimulator-guided pudendal nerve block in children undergoing hypospadias surgery:a prospective, randomized, dou-ble-blinded trial. Paediatr Anaesth 29:1046-1052, 2019
 
16) Morse J, Hannam JA, Cortinez LI et al:A manual propofol infusion regimen for neo-nates and infants. Paediatr Anaesth 29:907-914, 2019
 
17) Anderson BJ, Hannam JA:A target con-centration strategy to determine ibupro-fen dosing in children. Paediatr Anaesth 29:1107-1113 2019
 
18) Damian MA, Hammer GB, Elkomy MH et al:Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in infants and children after orthotopic liver transplantation. Anesth Analg 130:209-216, 2020
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21) Pappas I, Cornelissen L, Menon DK et al:δ-Oscillation correlates of anesthesia-induced unconsciousness in large-scale brain networks of human infants. Anesthe-siology 131:1239-1253, 2019
 
22) Rovner MS, Redding AT, Wolf BJ et al:Detection of subclinical Harlequin syn-drome in pediatric patients. Paediatr An-aesth 30:592-598, 2020
 
23) Jang YE, Ji SH, Kim EH et al:Effect of regular alveolar recruitment on intraop-erative atelectasis in paediatric patients ventilated in the prone position:a ran-domised controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 124:648-655, 2020
 
24) Jang YE, Park JB, Kang CH et al:Car-diopulmonary resuscitation in pediatric pectus excavatum patients-Where is the heart? Paediatr Anaesth 30:698-707, 2020
 
25) Erondu MU, Mahoney DP:Palliative care, resuscitation status, and end-of-life consid-erations in pediatric anesthesia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 33:354-360, 2020
 

32. 高齢者麻酔

P.173 掲載の参考文献
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2) Agarwal N, Goldschmidt E, Taylor T et al:Impact of frailty on outcomes follow-ing spine surgery:a prospective cohort analysis of 668 patients. Neurosurgery 88:552-557, 2021
 
3) Chen Y, Qin J:Modified frailty index independently predicts postoperative de-lirium and delayed neurocognitive recov-ery after elective total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 36:449-453, 2021
 
4) McIsaac DI, Harris EP, Hladkowicz E et al:Prospective comparison of preopera-tive predictive performance between 3 leading frailty instruments. Anesth Analg 131:263-272, 2020
 
5) He Y, Li LW, Hao Y et al:Assessment of predictive validity and feasibility of Edmonton Frail Scale in identifying post-operative complications among elderly pa-tients:a prospective observational study. Sci Rep 14682, 2020
 
6) Daniels SL, Lee MJ, George J et al:Prehabilitation in elective abdominal can-cer surgery in older patients:systematic review and meta-analysis. BJS Open 4:1022-1041, 2020
 
7) Braghiroli KS, Einav S, Heesen MA et al:Perioperative mortality in older pa-tients:a systematic review with a meta-regression analysis and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Clin Anesth 69:110160, 2020
 
8) Aitken RM, Partridge JSL, Oliver CM et al:Older patients undergoing emer-gency laparotomy:observations from the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit(NELA)years 1-4. Age Ageing 49:656-663, 2020
 
9) McIsaac DI, Taljaard M, Bryson GL et al:Frailty and long-term postoperative disability trajectories:a prospective mul-ticentre cohort study. Br J Anaesth 125:704-711, 2020
 
10) Wu YM, Kuo HC, Li CC et al:Preexist-ing dementia is associated with increased risks of mortality and morbidity following major surgery:a nationwide propensity score matching study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17:8431, 2020
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11) Zhang D, Ying J, Ma X et al:Social cogni-tive dysfunction in elderly patients after anesthesia and surgery. Front Psychol 11:54116, 2020
 
12) Peng J, Wu G, Chen J et al:Preoperative C-reactive protein/albumin ratio, a risk factor for postoperative delirium in elderly patients after total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 34:2601-2605, 2019
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13) Kunst G, Gauge N, Salaunkey K et al:Intraoperative optimization of both depth of anesthesia and cerebral oxygenation in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery-a randomized controlled pilot trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:1172-1181, 2020
 
14) Zhang J, Liu G, Zhang F et al:Analysis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and influencing factors of dexmedetomidine anesthesia in elderly patients with colorec-tal cancer. Oncol Lett 18:3058-3064, 2019
 
15) Jeong J, Jin SH, Kim DY et al:Effects of various methods of dexmedetomidine administration for sedation in elderly patients undergoing spinal anesthesia:a randomized controlled study. Anesth Pain Med(Seoul) 15:297-304, 2020
 
16) Sprung J, Abcejo ASA, Knopman DS et al:Anesthesia with and without nitrous oxide and long-term cognitive trajectories in older adults. Anesth Analg 131:594-604, 2020
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17) Velkers C, Berger M, Gill SS et al:Associ-ation between exposure to general versus regional anesthesia and risk of dementia in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 69:58-67, 2021
 
18) Liu Q, Lin JY, Zhang YF et al:Effects of epidural combined with general anesthesia versus general anesthesia on quality of recovery of elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer:a prospective randomized trial. J Clin Anesth 62:109742, 2020
 
19) Patel SY, Ackerman RS, Boulware D et al:Epidural anesthesia may be as-sociated with increased postoperative complications in the elderly population undergoing radical cystectomy:an analy-sis from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project(NSQIP)database. World J Urol, 2020 doi:10.1007/s00345-020-03212-0[online ahead of print]
 
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22) Rizk MS, Zeeni CA, Bouez JN et al:Pre-procedural ultrasound versus landmark techniques for spinal anesthesia per-formed by novice residents in elderly:a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anes-thesiol 19:208, 2019
 
23) Zhang W, Wang T, Wang G et al:Elevat-ed lateral position improves the success of paramedian approach subarachnoid puncture in spinal anesthesia before hip fracture surgery in elderly patients:a randomized controlled study. Med Sci Monit 26:e923813, 2020
 
24) Togioka BM, Yanez D, Aziz MF et al:Randomised controlled trial of sugam-madex or neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular block on the incidence of pulmonary complications in older adults undergoing prolonged surgery. Br J An-aesth 124:553-561, 2020
 
25) Shin S, Kim SH, Park KK et al:Effects of anesthesia techniques on outcomes after hip fracture surgery in elderly patients:a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Med 9:1605, 2020
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33. 緊急手術の麻酔

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2) Irwin R, Gyawali I, Kennedy B et al:An ultrasound assessment of gastric emptying following tea with milk in pregnancy:a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaes-thesiol 37:303-308, 2020
 
3) Kim EM, Chung MH, Lee MH et al:Is tube thermosoftening helpful for videolaryngoscope-guided nasotracheal intubation? A randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 129:812-818, 2019
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4) Park JW, Min BH, Park SJ et al:Mid-azolam premedication facilitates mask ventilation during induction of general anesthesia:a randomized clinical trial. Anesth Analg 129:500-506, 2019
 
5) Min SH, Im H, Kim BR et al:Randomized trial comparing early and late adminis-tration of rocuronium before and after checking mask ventilation in patients with normal airways. Anesth Analg 129:380-386, 2019
 
6) Engdahl AJ, Parrino CR, Wasicek PJ et al:Anesthetic management of patients after traumatic injury with resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. Anesth Analg 129:e146-e149, 2019
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7) Brovman EY, Wallace FC, Weaver MJ et al:Anesthesia type is not associated with postoperative complications in the care of patients with lower extremity traumatic fractures. Anesth Analg 129:1034-1042, 2019
 

34. 産科麻酔

P.185 掲載の参考文献
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2) Blaha J, Noskova J, Hlinecka K et al:Sur-gical conditions with rocuronium versus suxamethonium in cesarean section:a randomized trial. Int J Obstet Anesth 41:14-21, 2020
 
3) White LD, Hodsdon A, An GH et al:Induction opioids for caesarean section under general anaesthesia:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Obstet Anesth 40:4-13, 2019
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6) Guglielminotti J, Landau R, Li G:Major neurologic complications associated with postdural puncture headache in obstet-rics:a retrospective cohort study. Anesth Analg 129:1328-1336, 2019
 
7) Tournier A, Doremieux AC, Drumez E et al:Lower-limb neurologic deficit after vaginal delivery:a prospective observa-tional study. Int J Obstet Anesth 41:35-38, 2020
 
8) Ronel I, Weiniger CF:A broadening choice for labor analgesia:remifentanil on the a la carte menu. Int J Obstet Anesth 39:1-6, 2019
 
9) Logtenberg SLM, Vink ML, Godfried MB et al:Serious adverse events attributed to remifentanil patient-controlled analgesia during labour in The Netherlands. Int J Obstet Anesth 39:22-28, 2019
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12) Katz D, Hamburger J, Batt D et al:Point-of-care fibrinogen testing in pregnancy. Anesth Analg 129:e86-e88, 2019
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13) Lee J, Wyssusek KH, Kimble RMN et al:Baseline parameters for rotational throm-boelastometry(ROTEM(R))in healthy pregnant Australian women:a compari-son of labouring and non-labouring women at term. Int J Obstet Anesth 41:7-13, 2020
 
14) Fujioka I, Ichikawa Y, Nakajima Y et al:Efficiency of leukocyte depletion filters and micro-aggregate filters following in-tra-operative cell salvage during cesarean delivery. Int J Obstet Anesth 41:59-64, 2020
 
15) Heesen M, Carvalho B, Carvalho JCA et al:International consensus statement on the use of uterotonic agents during caesar-ean section. Anaesthesia 74:1305-1319, 2019
 
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35. 産科危機的出血への対応ガイドライン

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2) Monks DT, Palanisamy A:Intrapartum oxytocin:time to focus on longer term consequences? Anaesthesia 74:1219-1222, 2019
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3) Qian XW, Drzymalski DM, Lv CC et al:The ED50 and ED95 of oxytocin infusion rate for maintaining uterine tone dur-ing elective caesarean delivery:a dose-finding study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 20:6, 2019
 
4) Onwochei DN, Van Ross J, Singh PM et al:Carbetocin reduces the need for addi-tional uterotonics in elective caesarean de-livery:a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Obstet Anesth 40:14-23, 2019
 
5) Drew T, Balki M, Farine D et al:Car-betocin at elective caesarean section:a sequential allocation trial to determine the minimum effective dose in obese women. Anaesthesia 75:331-337, 2020
 
6) Makary M, Chowdary P, Westgate JA:Vascular balloon occlusion and planned caesarean hysterectomy for morbidly adherent placenta:a systematic review. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 59:608-615, 2019
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7) Wei Y, Luo J, Luo D:Comparison of ef-ficacy between internal iliac artery and abdominal aorta balloon occlusions in pernicious placenta previa patients with placenta accrete. Gynecol Obstet Invest 84:343-349, 2019
 
8) Wang J, Shi X, Li Y et al:Prophylactic intraoperative uterine or internal iliac artery embolization in planned cesarean for pernicious placenta previa in the third trimester of pregnancy:an observational study(STROBE compliant). Medicine(Baltimore) 98:e17767, 2019
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9) Yu SCH, Cheng YKY, Tse WT et al:Peri-operative prophylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion in the prevention of post-partum hemorrhage in placenta previa:a randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 223:117.e1-117.e13, 2020
 
10) Chen M, Liu X, You Y et al:Internal iliac artery balloon occlusion for placenta pre-via and suspected placenta accrete:a ran-domized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 135:1112-1119, 2020
 
11) Widmer M, Piaggio G, Hofmeyr GJ et al:Maternal characteristics and causes as-sociated with refractory postpartum haem-orrhage after vaginal birth:a secondary analysis of the WHO CHAMPION trial data. BJOG 127:628-634, 2020
 
12) Skalkidou A, Sundstrom-Poromaa I, Wik-man A et al:SSRI use during pregnancy and risk for postpartum haemorrhage:a national register-based cohort study in Sweden. BJOG 127:1366-1373, 2020
 
13) Huybrechts KF, Bateman BT, Pawar A et al:Maternal and fetal outcomes following exposure to duloxetine in pregnancy:cohort study. BMJ 368:m237, 2020
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14) Kawakita T, Mokhtari N, Huang JC et al:Evaluation of risk-assessment tools for severe postpartum hemorrhage in women undergoing cesarean delivery. Obstet Gy-necol 134:1308-1316, 2019
 
15) Sato M, Kondoh E, Iwao T et al:Nation-wide survey of severe postpartum haem-orrhage in Japan:an exploratory study using the national database of health insur-ance claims. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 32:3537-3542, 2019
 
16) Reale SC, Easter SR, Xu X et al:Trends in postpartum hemorrhage in the United States from 2010 to 2014. Anesth Analg 130:e119-e122, 2020
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18) Lumbreras-Marquez MI, Reale SC, Carusi DA et al:Introduction of a novel system for quantitating blood loss after vaginal delivery:a retrospective interrupted time series analysis with concurrent control group. Anesth Analg 130:857-868, 2020
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19) Katz D, Wang R, O'Neil L et al:The asso-ciation between the introduction of quan-titative assessment of postpartum blood loss and institutional changes in clinical practice:an observational study. Int J Obstet Anesth 42:4-10, 2020
 
20) Xia Y, Griffiths BB, Xue Q:Tranexamic acid for postpartum hemorrhage preven-tion in vaginal delivery:a meta-analysis. Medicine(Baltimore) 99:e18792, 2020
 
21) Arnolds DE, Scavone BM:Thromboelas-tographic assessment of fibrinolytic activ-ity in postpartum hemorrhage:a retro-spective single-center observational study. Anesth Analg 131:1373-1379, 2020
 
22) Butwick AJ:Postpartum hemorrhage:wherefore art thou, hyperfibrinolysis? Anesth Analg 131:1370-1372, 2020
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23) Zaidi A, Kohli R, Daru J et al:Early use of fibrinogen replacement therapy in post-partum hemorrhage-a systematic review. Transfus Med Rev 34:101-107, 2020
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24) Cornelissen L, Woodd S, Shakur-Still H et al:Secondary analysis of the WOMAN trial to explore the risk of sepsis after in-vasive treatments for postpartum hemor-rhage. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 146:231-237, 2019
 
25) Brogaard L, Kierkegaard O, Hvidman L et al:The importance of non-technical per-formance for teams managing postpartum haemorrhage:video review of 99 obstet-ric teams. BJOG 126:1015-1023, 2019
 

36. 内視鏡手術の麻酔

P.197 掲載の参考文献
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2) Altiparmak B, Korkmaz Toker M, Uysal AI et al:Ultrasound-guided erector spi-nae plane block versus oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia of adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystec-tomy:randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Anesth 57:31-36, 2019
 
3) Aygun H, Kavrut Ozturk N, Pamukcu AS et al:Comparison of ultrasound guided erector spinae plane block and quadratus lumborum block for postoperative anal-gesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients;a prospective randomized study. J Clin Anesth 62:109696, 2020
 
4) Houben AM, Moreau AJ, Detry OM et al:Bilateral subcostal transversus ab-dominis plane block does not improve the postoperative analgesia provided by multimodal analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy:a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 36:772-777, 2019
 
5) Huang D, Song L, Li Y et al:Posterome-dial quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominal plane block for postoperative analgesia following laparo-scopic colorectal surgery:a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth 62:109716, 2020
 
6) Yoshida T, Furutani K, Watanabe Y et al:Analgesic efficacy of bilateral continu-ous transversus abdominis plane blocks using an oblique subcostal approach in pa-tients undergoing laparotomy for gynaeco-logical cancer:a prospective, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled study. Br J Anaesth 117:812-820, 2016
 
7) Plass F, Nicolle C, Zamparini M et al:Effect of intra-operative intravenous lido-caine on opioid consumption after bariat-ric surgery:a prospective, randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled study. Anaes-thesia 76:189-198, 2021
 
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10) Veelo DP, Gisbertz SS, Binnekade JM et al:On-demand versus continuous ro-curonium infusion for deep neuromuscular relaxation in patients undergoing thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy:a random-ized-controlled clinical trial(DEPTH). Can J Anaesth 66:1062-1074, 2019
 
11) Choi BM, Ki SH, Lee YH et al:Effects of depth of neuromuscular block on postop-erative pain during laparoscopic gastrec-tomy:a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 36:863-870, 2019
 
12) Lee YJ, Oh AY, Koo BW et al:Postopera-tive residual neuromuscular blockade after reversal based on a qualitative peripheral nerve stimulator response:a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 37:196-202, 2020
 
13) Min BH, Oh TK, Song IA et al:Compari-son of the effects of sugammadex and neo-stigmine on hospital stay in robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy:a retrospec-tive study. BMC Anesthesiol 20:178, 2020
 
14) Boggett S, Chahal R, Griffiths J et al:A randomised controlled trial comparing deep neuromuscular blockade reversed with sugammadex with moderate neu-romuscular block reversed with neostig-mine. Anaesthesia 75:1153-1163, 2020
 
15) Williams WH 3rd, Cata JP, Lasala JD:Effect of reversal of deep neuromuscular block with sugammadex or moderate block by neostigmine on shoulder pain in elderly patients undergoing robotic prostatectomy. Br J Anaesth 124:164-172, 2020
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18) Li YY, Zeng YS, Chen JY et al:Pro-phylactic diphenhydramine attenuates postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort in patients undergoing gyneco-logic laparoscopic surgery:a randomized double-blind clinical study. J Anesth 34:232-237, 2020
 
19) Inoue Y, Katoh T, Masuda S et al:Peri-operative complications of abdominal sur-gery in smokers. J Anesth 2020;34:712-718, 2020
 
20) Li G, Tian DD, Wang X et al:Muscular tissue oxygen saturation and posthys-terectomy nausea and vomiting:the iMODIPONV randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology 133:318-331, 2020
 

37. 日帰り手術の麻酔

P.202 掲載の参考文献
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3) Hartford LB, Murphy PB, Gray DK et al:The standardization of outpatient proce-dure(STOP)narcotics after anorectal surgery:a prospective non-inferiority study to reduce opioid use. Tech Coloproc-tol 24:563-571, 2020
 
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5) Hamilton GM, Ramlogan R, Lui A et al:Peripheral nerve blocks for ambulatory shoulder surgery:a population-based cohort study of outcomes and resource uti-lization. Anesthesiology 131:1254-1263, 2019
 
6) Hussain N, Costache I, Kumar N et al:Is supraclavicular block as good as intersca-lene block for acute pain control following shoulder surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg 130:1304-1319, 2020
 
7) Kim DH, Lin Y, Beathe JC et al:Superior trunk block:a phrenic-sparing alternative to the interscalene block:a randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology 131:521-533, 2019
 
8) Abdallah FW, Mejia J, Prasad GA et al:Opioid- and motor-sparing with proximal, mid-, and distal locations for adductor canal block in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction:a randomized clinical trial. Anesthesiology 131:619-629, 2019
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9) Stebler K, Martin R, Kirkham KR et al:Adductor canal block versus local infiltra-tion analgesia for postoperative pain after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruc-tion:a single centre randomized controlled triple-blinded trial. Br J Anaesth 123:e343-e349, 2019
 
10) Hussain N, Brull R, McCartney CJL et al:Pectoralis-II myofascial block and analgesia in breast cancer surgery. Anes-thesiology 131:630-648, 2019
 
11) Barrington MJ, Seah GJ, Gotmaker R et al:Quality of recovery after breast sur-gery:a multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing pectoral nerves interfas-cial plane(pectoral nerve II)block with surgical infiltration. Anesth Analg 130:1559-1567, 2020
 
12) King R, Mariano ER, Yajnik M et al:Outcomes of ambulatory upper extremity surgery patients discharged home with perineural catheters from a Veterans Health Administration Medical Center. Pain Med 20:2256-2262, 2019
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13) DelPizzo K, Luu T, Fields KG et al:Risk of postdural puncture headache in adoles-cents and adults. Anesth Analg 131:273-279, 2020
 
14) Yung EM, Abdallah FW, Todaro C et al:Optimal local anesthetic regimen for saddle block in ambulatory anorectal surgery:an evidence-based systematic review. Reg Anesth Pain Med 45:733-739, 2020
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15) Capdevila X, Aveline C, Delaunay L et al:Impact on chloroprocaine on the eligibility for hospital discharge in patients requiring ambulatory surgery under spinal anesthe-sia:an observational multicenter prospec-tive study. Adv Ther 37:541-551, 2020
 
16) Herndon CL, Martinez R, Sarpong NO et al:Spinal anesthesia using chloroprocaine is safe, effective, and facilitates earlier discharge in selected fast-track total hip arthroplasty. Arthroplasty Today 6:305-308, 2020
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18) Alas A, Hidalgo R, Espaillat L et al:Does spinal anesthesia lead to postoperative urinary retention in same-day urogynecol-ogy surgery? A retrospective review. Int Urogynecol J 30:1283-1289, 2019
 
19) Gan TJ, Belani KG, Bergese S et al:Fourth consensus guidelines for the man-agement of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesth Analg 131:411-448, 2020
 
20) Hyman JB, Park C, Lin H-M et al:Olan-zapine for the prevention of postdischarge nausea and vomiting after ambulatory surgery:a randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology 132:1419-1428, 2020
 
21) Zorrilla-Vaca A, Marmolejo-Posso D, Stone A et al:Perioperative dextrose infusion and postoperative nausea and vomiting:a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesth Analg 129:943-950, 2019
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22) Uusalo P, Guillaume S, Siren S et al:Pharmacokinetics and sedative effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine in ambulato-ry pediatric patients. Anesth Analg 130:949-957, 2020
 
23) Lee-Archer PF, von Ungern-Sternberg BS, Reade M et al:The effect of dexmedeto-midine on postoperative behaviour change in children:a randomized controlled trial. Anaesthesia 75:1461-1468, 2020
 
24) Eijlers R, Dierckx B, Staals LM et al:Vir-tual reality exposure before elective day care surgery to reduce anxiety and pain in children. Eur J Anaesthesiol 36:728-737, 2019
 
25) Green Z, Woodman N, McLernon DJ et al:Incidence of paediatric unplanned day-case admissions in the UK and Ireland:a prospective multicenter observational study. Br J Anaesth 124:463-472, 2020
 

38. 心臓・大血管手術の麻酔

P.207 掲載の参考文献
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3) Bonanni A, Signori A, Alicino C et al:Volatile anesthetics versus propofol for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary by-pass:meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesthesiology 132:1429-1446, 2020
 
4) Subramaniam K, Sciortino C, Ruppert K et al:Remifentanil and perioperative glycae-mic response in cardiac surgery:an open-label randomised trial. Br J Anaesth 124:684-692, 2020
 
5) Lagier D, Velly LJ, Guinard B et al:Peri-operative open-lung approach, regional ventilation, and lung injury in cardiac surgery: A PROVECS Trial Substudy. Anesthesiology 133:1029-1045, 2020
 
6) Mathis MR, Duggal NM, Likosky DS et al:Intraoperative mechanical ventilation and postoperative pulmonary complica-tions after cardiac surgery. Anesthesiol-ogy 131:1046-1062, 2019
 
7) Ristovic VJ, de Roock S, Mesana TG et al:The Impact of preoperative risk on the association between hypotension and mortality after cardiac surgery:an obser-vational study. J Clin Med 9:2057, 2020
 
8) Ngu JMC, Jabagi H, Chung AM et al:Defining an intraoperative hypotension threshold in association with de novo renal replacement therapy after cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 132:1447-1457, 2020
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9) Rossler J, Schoenrath F, Seifert B et al:Iron deficiency is associated with higher mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery:a prospective study. Br J An-aesth 124:25-34, 2020
 
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12) Brush JE Jr, Siraj ES, Kemp CD et al:Effect of diabetes mellitus on complica-tion rates of coronary artery bypass graft-ing. Am J Cardiol 124:1389-1396, 2019
 
13) Nam K, Jo WY, Kwon SM et al:Associa-tion between postoperative body tempera-ture and all-cause mortality after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery:a retrospective observational study. Anesth Analg 130:1381-1388, 2020
 
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15) Nomura Y, Nakano M, Bush B et al:Observational study examining the asso-ciation of baseline frailty and postcardiac surgery delirium and cognitive change. Anesth Analg 129:507-514, 2019
 
16) Turan A, Duncan A, Leung S et al:Dexmedetomidine for reduction of atrial fibrillation and delirium after cardiac sur-gery(DECADE):a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 396:177-185, 2020
 
17) Pedemonte JC, Plummer GS, Chamadia S et al:Electroencephalogram burst-sup-pression during cardiopulmonary bypass in elderly patients mediates postoperative delirium. Anesthesiology 133:280-292, 2020
 
18) Eertmans W, De Deyne C, Genbrugge C et al:Association between postoperative de-lirium and postoperative cerebral oxygen desaturation in older patients after cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 124:146-153, 2020
 
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22) Coselli JS, Green SY, Price MD et al:Spinal cord deficit after 1114 extent II open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 159:1-13, 2020
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39. 小児心臓麻酔

P.215 掲載の参考文献
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2) Cakmak M, Isik O:Transversus thoracic muscle plane block for analgesia after pediatric cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 35:130-136, 2020
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3) Yamamoto T, Seino Y, Matsuda K et al:Preoperative implementation of trans-verse thoracic muscle plane block and rectus sheath block combination for pedi-atric cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:3367-3372, 2020
 
4) Caruso TJ, Lin C, O'Connell C et al:Sys-temic absorption of lidocaine from continu-ous erector spinae plane catheters after congenital cardiac surgery:a retrospec-tive study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:2986-2993, 2020
 
5) Maddali MM, Al-Shamsi F, Arora NR et al:The optimal length of insertion for central venous catheters via the right internal jugular vein in pediatric cardiac surgical patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:2386-2391, 2020
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6) Samerchua A, Kongwatmai K, Boonsri S et al:A comparison of the external anatomical landmark and the radiological landmark for obtaining the optimal depth of a right internal jugular venous catheter in pediatric cardiac patients. Paediatr An-aesth 30:490-497, 2020
 
7) Amer GF, Elawady MS, ElDerie A et al:Normothermia versus hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass in cases of repair of atrioventricular septal defect. Anesth Essays Res 14:112-118, 2020
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8) Singab H, Gamal MA, Refaey R et al:Effect of retrograde autologous blood priming of cardiopulmonary bypass on hemodynamic parameters and pulmonary mechanics in pediatric cardiac surgery:a randomized clinical study. Semin Thorac cardiovasc Surg, 2020 doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs. 2020.09.0006[online ahead of print]
 
9) DeWitt AG, Rossano JW, Bailly DK et al:Predicting and surviving prolonged criti-cal illness after congenital heart surgery. Crit Care Med 48:e557-e564, 2020
 
10) Plaschke K, Weiskircher A, Benner L et al:Depth of anesthesia by Narcotrend(R) and postoperative characteristics in chil-dren undergoing cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation:a retrospec-tive comparison of two anesthetic regi-mens. Perfusion 35:427-435, 2020
 
11) Irschik S, Stelzl S, Golej J et al:Direct postoperative protein S100B and NIRS monitoring in infants after pediatric car-diac surgery enrich early mortality assess-ment at the PICU. Heart Lung 49:731-736, 2020
 
12) Triotta CF, Alcos S, Lagueruela RG et al:Three-year experience with immedi-ate extubation in pediatric patients after congenital cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg 15:1, 2020
 
13) Censoplano NM, Barrett CS, Ing RJ et al:Achieving sustainability in reducing un-planned extubations in a pediatric cardiac ICU. Pediatr Crit Care Med 21:350-356, 2020
 
14) Silvetti S, Landoni G, Castagnola E et al:Antibiotic management for delayed sternal closure following pediatric cardiac surgery:a systematic review of recent literature. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:1333-1340, 2020
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15) Altun D, Dogan A, Arnaz A et al:Nonin-vasive monitoring of central venous oxy-gen saturation by jugular transcutaneous near-infrared spectroscopy in pediatric patients undergoing congenital cardiac surgery. Turk J Med Sci 50:1280-1287, 2020
 
16) Han D, Li H, Pan S et al:Measuring cerebral carbon dioxide reactivity with transcranial doppler and near-infrared spectroscopy in children with ventricular septal defect. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:344-348, 2020
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17) Dieu A, van Regemorter V, Detaille T et al:Combined use of rotational thrombo-elastometry(Rotem)and platelet imped-ance aggregometry(Multiplate Ana-lyzer)in cyanotic and acyanotic infants and children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass:subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 2020 doi:10.1053/j.jvca. 2020.09.133[online aheadof print]
 
18) Bianchi P, Beccaris C, Norbert M et al:Use of coagulation point-of-care tests in the management of anticoagulation and bleed-ing in pediatric cardiac surgery:a system-atic review. Anesth Analg 130:1594-1604, 2020
 
19) Bigelow AM, Ghanayem NS, Thompson NE et al:Safety and efficacy of vasopres-sin after fontan completion:a randomized pilot study. Ann Thorac Surg 108:1865-1874, 2019
 
20) Thorlacious EM, Wahlander H, Ojala T et al:Levosimendan versus milrinone for inotropic support in pediatric cardiac sur-gery:results from a randomized trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:2072-2080, 2020
 

40. 脳外科の麻酔

P.220 掲載の参考文献
1) Harky A, Chan JSK, Kot TKM et al:Gen-eral anesthesia versus local anesthesia in carotid endarterectomy:a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 34:219-234, 2020
 
2) Petrucci E, Cofini V, Pizzi B et al:Inter-mediate cervical plexus block in the man-agement of persistent postoperative pain post carotid endarterectomy:a prospec-tive, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Pain Physician 23:237-244, 2020
 
3) Aceto P, Lai C, Crescenzo FD et al:Cog-nitive decline after carotid endarterecto-my:systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Anaesthesiol 37:1066-1074, 2020
 
4) Takamura Y, Motoyama Y, Takatani T et al:Motor evoked potential monitoring can evaluate ischemic tolerance to carotid ar-tery occlusion during surgery. J Clin Monit Comput 2020[Online ahead of print]
 
5) Yu B, Peng Y, Qiao H et al:The Appli-cation of regional cerebral oxygenation monitoring in the prediction of cerebral hypoperfusion during carotid endarterec-tomy. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2020[On-line ahead of print]
 
6) Duarte-Gamas L, Pereira-Neves A, Ja-come F et al:The diagnostic accuracy of nearinfrared spectroscopy in carotid artery endarterectomy under regional anesthesia-systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Port Cir Cardiotorac Vasc 27:277-278, 2020
 
7) Bhardwaj A, Panda N, Chauhan R et al:Comparison of ketofol(combination of ketamine and propofol)and propofol an-esthesia in aneurysmal clipping surgery:a prospective randomized control trial. Asian J Neurosurg 15:608-613, 2020
 
8) Bhaire VS, Panda N, Luthra A et al:Effect of combination of ketamine and pro-pofol(ketofol)on cerebral oxygenation in neurosurgical patients:a randomized double-blinded controlled trial. Anesth Es-says Res 13:643-648, 2019
 
9) Thongrong C, Kasemsiri P, Duangthong-phon P et al:Appropriate blood pressure in cerebral aneurysm clipping for preven-tion of delayed ischemic neurologic deficits. Anesthesiol Res Pract, 2020[publishedonline]doi:10.1155/2020/6539456
 
10) Sharma N, Wig J, Mahajan S et al:Com-parison of postoperative cognitive dys-function with the use of propofol versus desflurane in patients undergoing surgery for clipping of aneurysm after subarach-noid hemorrhage. Surg Neurol Int 11:174, 2020
 
11) Carella M, Tran G, Bonhomme VL et al:Influence of levobupivacaine regional scalp block on hemodynamic stability, in-tra- and postoperative opioid consumption in supratentorial craniotomies:a random-ized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 2020 [Online ahead of print]
 
12) Yang X, Ma J, Li K et al:A comparison of effects of scalp nerve block and local anesthetic infiltration on inflammatory response, hemodynamic response, and postoperative pain in patients undergoing craniotomy for cerebral aneurysms:a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anes-thesiol 19:91, 2019
 
13) Rigamonti A, Garavaglia MM, Ma K et al:Effect of bilateral scalp nerve blocks on postoperative pain and discharge times in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy and general anesthesia:a randomized-controlled trial. Can J Anaesth 67:452-461, 2020
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14) Wardhana A, Sudadi S:Scalp block for analgesia after craniotomy:a meta-analy-sis. Indian J Anaesth 63:886-894, 2019
 
15) Uribe AA, Stoicea N, Echeverria-Villalobos M et al:Postoperative nausea and vomit-ing after craniotomy:an evidence-based review of general considerations, risk fac-tors, and management. J Neurosurg Anes-thesiol 2019[Online ahead of print]
 
16) Wang CM, Huang HW, Wang YM et al:Incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in patients admitted to the ICU after elective intracranial surgery:a pro-spective cohort study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 37:14-24, 2020
 
17) Viderman D, Brotfain E, Bilotta F et al:Risk factors and mechanisms of postopera-tive delirium after intracranial neurosurgi-cal procedures. Asian J Anesthesiol 58:5-13, 2020
 
18) Qu L, Liu B, Zhang H et al:Management of postoperative pain after elective cra-niotomy:a prospective randomized con-trolled trial of a neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)program. Int J Med Sci 17:1541-1549, 2020
 
19) Liu B, Liu S, Wang Y et al:Impact of neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)program on health-related quality of life in glioma patients:a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. J Neurooncol 148:555-567, 2020
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41. Awake craniotomyの麻酔

P.225 掲載の参考文献
1) Arzoine J, Leve C, Perez-Hick A et al:Anesthesia management for low-grade glioma awake surery:a European Low-Grade Glioma Network survey. Acta Neu-rochirurgica 162:1701-1707, 2020
 
2) Shiraki A, Goto W, Fukagawa H et al:Effects of low-dose remifentanil infusion on analgesic or antiemetic requirement dur-ing brain function mapping:a retrospec-tive chort study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 64:735-741, 2020
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3) Natalini D, Ganau M, Rosenkranz R et al:Comparison of the asleep-awake-asleep technique and monitored anesthesia care during awake craniotomy:a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol, 2020 doi:10.1097/ANA.0000000000000675[online ahead of print]
 
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42. 移植手術の麻酔

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43. 抗血栓療法ガイドライン

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44. 麻酔関連偶発症

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45. 痛みの生理学

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46. 術後の疼痛管理

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6) Roofthooft E, Joshi GP, Rawal N et al:PROSPECT guideline for elective caesar-ean section:updated systematic review and procedure-specific postoperative pain management recommendations. Anaesthe-sia, 2020 doi:10.1111/anae.15339[onlineahead of print]
 
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47. ペインクリニック

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48. 緩和ケアとがんの痛みの治療

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6) Schlogl M, Jones CA:Maintaining our humanity through the mask:mindful communication during COVID-19. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:E12-E13, 2020
 
7) Wittbold KA, Baugh JJ, Yun BJ:iPad deployment for virtual evaluation in the emergency department during the CO-VID-19 pandemic. Am J Emerg Med 38:2733-2734, 2020
 
8) Kandori K, Okada Y, Ishii et al:Associa-tion between visitation restriction during the COVID-19 pandemic and delirium incidence among emergency admission pa-tients:a single-center retrospective obser-vational cohort study in Japan. J Intensive Care 8:1-9, 2020
 
9) Horby P, Lim WS, Emberson JR et al:Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19-preliminary report. N Engl J Med 384:693-704, 2021
 
10) Wosik J, Fudim M, Cameron B et al:Tele-health transformation:COVID-19 and the rise of virtual care. J Am Med Inform As-soc 27:957-962, 2020
 
11) Sher L:The impact of the COVID-19 pan-demic on suicide rates. QJM 113:707-712, 2020
 
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49. 麻酔科医と救急医療

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50. 心肺蘇生と脳保護

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51. 手術室の効率化と安全

P.279 掲載の参考文献
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5) Koch A, Burns J, Catchpole K et al:As-sociations of workflow disruptions in the operating room with surgical outcomes:a systematic review and narrative synthesis. BMJ Qual Saf 29:1033-1045, 2020
 
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52. 麻酔科領域の新機材, 新技術, 新知見

P.284 掲載の参考文献
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4) Goodchild CS, Serrao JM, Sear JW et al:Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis of alfaxalone administered as a bolus intravenous injection of phaxan in a phase 1 randomized trial. Anesth Analg 130:704-714, 2020
 
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53. 新しい人工呼吸

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5) Fernandez-Bustamante A, Sprung J, Parker RA et al:Individualized PEEP to optimize respiratory mechanics during abdominal surgery:a pilot randomised controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 125:383-392, 2020
 
6) Milesi I, Porta R, Barbano L et al:Au-tomatic tailoring of the lowest PEEP to abolish tidal expiratory flow limitation in seated and supine COPD patients. Respir Med 155:13-8, 2019
 
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10) Min SH, Im H, Kim BR et al:Randomized trial comparing early and late adminis-tration of rocuronium before and after checking mask ventilation in patients with normal airways. Anesth Analg 129:380-386, 2019
 
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54. 集中治療(1) 呼吸と循環

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2) Chiumello D, Umbrello M, Sferrazza Papa GF et al:Global and regional diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound compared to CT in patients with acute respiratory dis-tress syndrome. Crit Care Med 47:1599-1606, 2019
 
3) Spinelli E, Mauri T, Beitler JR et al:Respiratory drive in the acute respiratory distress syndrome:pathophysiology, monitoring, and therapeutic interventions. Intensive Care Med 46:606-618, 2020
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4) Giosa L, Busana M, Pasticci I et al:Me-chanical power at a glance:a simple sur-rogate for volume-controlled ventilation. Intensive Care Med Exp 7:61, 2019
 
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6) Chen L, Del Sorbo L, Grieco DL et al:Po-tential for lung recruitment estimated by the recruitment-to-inflation ratio in acute respiratory distress syndrome. A clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 201:178-187, 2020
 
7) Hodgson CL, Cooper DJ, Arabi Y et al:Maximal recruitment open lung ventila-tion in acute respiratory distress syn-drome(PHARLAP). A phase II, multi-center randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 200:1363-1372, 2019
 
8) Saran S, Gurjar M, Kanaujia V et al:Effect of prone positioning on intraocular pressure in patients with acute respira-tory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 47:e761-e766, 2019
 
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10) Grieco DL, Menga LS, Raggi V et al:Physiological comparison of high-flow nasal cannula and helmet noninvasive ventilation in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 201:303-312, 2020
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11) Liu Q, Lu H, Shan M et al:Non-invasive ventilation with helmet in patients with respiratory failure caused by acute exac-erbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 32:14-19, 2020
 
12) Yonas E, Alwi I, Pranata R et al:Effect of heart failure on the outcome of COVID-19-a meta analysis and systematic review. Am J Emerg Med, 2020 doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.009[online ahead of print]
 
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15) Chen YL, Zeng M, Liu Y et.al:CHA2DS2-VASc Score for identifying patients at high risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery:a meta-analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 109:1210-1216, 2020
 
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17) Jones TK, Feng R, Kerchberger VE et al:Plasma sRAGE acts as a genetically regulated causal intermediate in sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syn-drome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 201:47-56, 2020
 
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22) Falk L, Hultman J, Broman LM:Extracor-poreal membrane oxygenation for septic shock. Crit Care Med 47:1097-1105, 2019
 
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55. 集中治療(2) 体液, 栄養, 感染の管理

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2) Jacquet-Lagreze M, Bouhamri N, Portran Pet al:Capillary refill time variation induced by passive leg raising predicts capillary refill time response to volume expansion. Crit Care 23:281, 2019
 
3) Beurton A, Teboul JL, Girotto V et al:Intra-abdominal hypertension is respon-sible for false negatives to the passive leg raising test. Crit Care Med 47:e639-e647, 2019
 
4) Chapman M, Peake SL, Bellomo R et al:Energy-dense versus routine enteral nu-trition in the critically ill. N Engl J Med 379:1823-1834, 2018
 
5) Deane AM, Little L, Bellomo R et al:Out-comes six months after delivering 100% or 70% of enteral calorie requirements during critical illness(TARGET). A ran-domized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 201:814-822, 2020
 
6) McNelly AS, Bear DE, Connolly BA et al:Effect of intermittent or continuous feed on muscle wasting in critical illness:a phase 2 clinical trial. Chest 158:183-194, 2020
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7) Fowler AA 3rd, Truwit JD, Hite RD et al:Effect of vitamin C infusion on organ failure and biomarkers of inflammation and vascular injury in patients with sepsis and severe acute respiratory failure:the CITRIS-ALI randomized clinical trial. JAMA 322:1261-1270, 2019
 
8) Fujii T, Luethi N, Young PJ et al:Effect of vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine vs hydrocortisone alone on time alive and free of vasopressor support among pa-tients with septic shock:the VITAMINS randomized clinical trial. JAMA 323:423-431, 2020
 
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10) Tong SYC, Lye DC, Yahav D et al:Ef-fect of vancomycin or daptomycin with vs without an antistaphylococcal β-lactam on mortality, bacteremia, relapse, or treat-ment failure in patients with MRSA bac-teremia:a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 323:527-537, 2020
 
11) Francois B, Cariou Clere-Jehl R et al:Prevention of early ventilator-associated pneumonia after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 381:1831-1842, 2019
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56. 集中治療(3) ICUにおける鎮痛と鎮静

P.308 掲載の参考文献
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2) Olsen HT, Nedergaard HK, Strom T et al:Nonsedation or light sedation in criti-cally ill, mechanically ventilated patients. N Engl J Med 382:1103-1111, 2020
 
3) van den Boogaard M, Slooter AJC, Bruggemann RJM et al:Effect of haloper-idol on survival among critically ill adults with a high risk of delirium:the REDUCE randomized clinical trial. JAMA 319:680-690, 2018
 
4) Rood PJT, Zegers M, Slooter AJC et al:Prophylactic haloperidol effects on long-term quality of life in critically ill patients at high risk for delirium:results of the REDUCE study. Anesthesiology 131:328-335, 2019
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5) Nishikimi M, Numaguchi A, Takahashi K et al:Effect of administration of ra-melteon, a melatonin receptor agonist, on the duration of stay in the ICU:a single-center randomized placebo-controlled trial. Crit Care Med 46:1099-1105, 2018
 
6) Jaiswal SJ, Vyas AD, Heisel AJ et al:Ramelteon for prevention of postoperative delirium:a randomized controlled trial in patients undergoing elective pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Crit Care Med 47:1751-1758, 2019
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7) Hughes CG, Boncyk CS, Culley DJ et al:American Society for Enhanced Recovery and Perioperative Quality Initiative joint consensus statement on postoperative delirium prevention. Anesth Analg 130:1572-1590, 2020
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8) Lodenius A, Maddison KJ, Lawther BK et al:Upper airway collapsibility during dexmedetomidine and propofol sedation in healthy volunteers:a nonblinded ran-domized crossover study. Anesthesiology 131:962-973, 2019
 
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10) Gattinoni L, Chiumello D, Caironi P et al:COVID-19 pneumonia:different respira-tory treatments for different phenotypes? Intensive Care Med 46:1099-1102, 2020
 
11) Jerath A, Ferguson ND, Cuthbertson B:Inhalational volatile-based sedation for CO-VID-19 pneumonia and ARDS. Intensive Care Med 46:1563-1566, 2020
 
12) Kotfis K, Williams Roberson S, Wilson J et al:COVID-19:What do we need to know about ICU delirium during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic? Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 52:132-138, 2020
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14) Wang K, Wu M, Xu J et al:Effects of dexmedetomidine on perioperative stress, inflammation, and immune function:systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 123:777-794, 2019
 
15) Makinen OJ, Backlund ME, Liisanantti J et al:Persistent pain in intensive care sur-vivors:a systematic review. Br J Anaesth 125:149-158, 2020
 
16) Lee BH, Wu CL:Educating patients re-garding pain management and safe opioid use after surgery:a narrative review. Anesth Analg 130:574-581, 2020
 
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57. 集中治療(4) ICUにおけるモニター

P.314 掲載の参考文献
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58. 集中治療(5) 小児集中治療

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59. 集中治療(6) 血液浄化

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60. 新しい全身麻酔薬レミマゾラム

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